Senses Flashcards
general senses
temperature, pain, touch, stretch and pressure
special senses
gustation, olfaction, vision, equilibrium, and audition
what are stimuli detected by
receptors
General senses names
Mechanoreceptors that react to touch, pressure, and vibration
Thermoreceptors
Nociceptors
proprioceptors
what detects muscle stretch?
muscle spindles
what detect tendon stretch?
golgi tendon organs
gustation
gustatory cell, chemoreceptor, cranial nerves VII and IX
oflaction
olfactory neuron, chemoreceptor cranial nerve I
vision
rods and cones, photoreceptor, cranial nerve II
audition
cochlear hair cells, mechanoreceptor cranial nerve VIII
equilibrium
hair cells, mechanoreceptor, vIII
asnomia
loss of smell
gustatory cells
Chemoreceptors
Respond to five basic tastes (salty, sour, sweet, bitter, umami)
Replaced every 7-10 days
what make up your taste buds
gustatory cells, supporting cells, basal cells
basal cells
Immature cells, replace other two cell types
rods
function in dim light, don’t provide sharp vision or color vision, more numerous than cones
cones
operate best in bright light, provide high acuity color vision
fovea centralis
contains only cones, maximal visual acuity
optic disc
contains no rods or cones, axons exit eye, blind spot
macular degeneration
area around fovea degenerates
glaucoma
high pressure in eye hurts optic nerve
ceruminous gland
Produce cerumen
Earwax impedes microorganism growth
what does the auditory tube connect?
connects the air-filled middle ear to the nasopharynx
otitis media
infection of the middle ear
vestibule
Utricle and saccule
Detects linear acceleration and head position
Helps sense equilibrium
semicircular canals
Detect rotational movements
Help sense equilibrium
cochlea
Detects sound waves
conductive hearing loss
Sound isn’t conducted efficiently through the outer or middle ear
sensorineural hearing loss
Damage to the inner ear or nerve pathways
