Senses

Question 1

What are the three receptors we have?

Answer 1

1. mechanoreceptors
2. chemoreceptors
3. electromagnetic receptors

Question 2

What are mechanoreceptors used to sense?

Answer 2

-touch
-hearing
-balance

Question 3

What are chemoreceptors used to sense?

Answer 3

-taste
-smell
-pH

Question 4

What are electromagnetic receptors used to sense?

Answer 4

vision

Question 5

What are two things that we, as humans, can’t pick up on but organisms can?

Answer 5

-infrared light
-electromagnetic fields

Question 6

What is the base pathway for all senses?

Answer 6

1. stimulus
2. transduction (of signal into receptors)
3. transmission of action potential
4. interpretation of signal by brain

Question 7

Do mechanoreceptors have many different types of pressure sensors, or just 1?

Answer 7

many different types

Question 8

What are nociceptors used for?

Answer 8

to detect pain, and it is concentrated in areas most prone to injury

Question 9

What does more depolarization indicate?

Answer 9

more frequent action potentials

Question 10

How does hearing work?

Answer 10

1. sound waves enter eardrum
2. tympanic membrane vibrates ear bones
3. oval window gets pressed
4. vibrations are transmitted to cochlea
5. pressure waves vibrate basilar membrane
   -stereocilla pick up on vibration
   -K+ channels on sterocilla is pulled open
   -this causes graded potentials, and action potentials occur

Question 11

What ear part helps with horizontal motion?

Answer 11

utricle

Question 12

What ear part helps with vertical motion?

Answer 12

saccule

Question 13

What ear part helps with angular motion?

Answer 13

cupula

Question 14

How do we taste salty food?

Answer 14

Na+ travels directly into sodium channels

Question 15

How do we taste sour food?

Answer 15

H+ enters directly into proton channels

Question 16

How do we taste sweet, bitter, and umami food?

Answer 16

chemicals interact with G-coupled protein receptors

Question 17

How do we smell?

Answer 17

1. molecules move to mucus where they get dissolved
2. olfactory hair pick up on the molecules
3. this sends an action potential to the olfactory bulb
4. olfactory bulb sends signal to the brain

Question 18

What is the function of the cornea and the lens?

Answer 18

focus light

Question 19

What does the pupil determine?

Answer 19

how much light comes into the eyes

Question 20

What are the three layers that light goes through?

Answer 20

1. ganglion cells
2. bipolar cells
3. rods and cones

Question 21

What do rods pick up on?

Answer 21

light and dark

Question 22

What do cones pick up on?

Answer 22

color and sharp images

Question 23

Ho does vision work?

Answer 23

1. light travels to the back of the eye
2. receptors pick up on it and send signal back to the ganglion cells
3. nerve signal then passes to the optic nerve, where the optic nerve exits the eye
4. signal is transmitted to your brain

Question 24

What is your blind spot?

Answer 24

when your nerve signal travels with the blood vessels at the back of the eye, and there are no cones or rods