senses

Question 1

what are the 5 types of sensory receptors

Answer 1

mechanoreceptors
chemorecptors
electromegnetic receptors
thermoreceptors
pain receptors

Question 2

what does a mechanoreceptors do

Answer 2

sense physical deformation and muscle movement

Question 3

what do chemoreceptors do

Answer 3

transmit information about the total solute concentration of a solution

Question 4

what do electromagnetic receptors do

Answer 4

detect electromagnetic energy such as light and electricity

Question 5

what do thermoreceptors do

Answer 5

responds to hot or cold to help regulate body temperature

Question 6

what do pain receptors do

Answer 6

detect stimuli that reflect on harmful things

Question 7

what is the definition of senses

Answer 7

‘sense’ is any system that consists of a group of sensory cell types that respond to a specific physical phenomenon, and that corresponds to a particular group of regions within the brain where the signals are received and interpreted

Question 8

what is the role of the middle of the ear

Answer 8

vibrating objects create percussion waves in the air that cause the tympanic membrane to vibrate

Question 9

what happens to the vibrations in cochlea

Answer 9

create pressure waves in the fluid in the cochlea that travel through the canal

Question 10

what are the functions of cochlea

Answer 10

amplification of sound vibrations

Question 11

what is the role of the inner ear

Answer 11

to detect body movement, position and balance

Question 12

umami perception would be stimulated by what chemical

Answer 12

glutamate

Question 13

how do animals discriminate between different odours?

Answer 13

by using their nose which is responsible for smell.
smell receptors interact with the molecules of vapors and transmit to different areas of the brain

Question 14

name the receptor where cells are neurons that line the upper portion of the nasal cavity

Answer 14

olfactory receptor

Question 15

what happens when binding the odorant molecules to receptors

Answer 15

triggers a signal transduction pathway, sending action potentials to the brain

Question 16

what are taste buds made up of (what is the cells called)

Answer 16

epithelial cells

Question 17

what are most taste buds associated with

Answer 17

papillae

Question 18

name the 3 types of taste receptors

Answer 18

specific protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs)
= sweet and bitter
TRP family (thermoreceptors)
= sour
sodium channel
= salty

Question 19

what and how bends hair cells

Answer 19

pressure waves in the canal cause the basilar membrane to vibrate and bending the hair cells

Question 20

true or false
when bending hair cells depolarized the membranes of mechanoreceptors and send action potential to the brain via the auditory nerve

Answer 20

True

Question 21

the layers of the retina do 3 different things, what are they?

Answer 21

provide blood and nutrients
absorb light and convert to an electrical signal to the two main receptors
transfer signals to the brain through the nerve cells

Question 22

what does trans-retinal activate?

Answer 22

rhodopsin, which then actives a G protein, eventually leading to hydrolysis of the GMP

Question 23

describe the processing of visual information in the brain

Answer 23

optic nerves meet at the optic chiasm near the cerebral cortex.
sensations from the left field are transmitted to the right side of the brain, and same for the other side.
in the dark, rods and cones continually release the neurotransmitter glutamate into synapse with neurons called bipolar cells

Question 24

light detectors all contain…

Answer 24

photoreceptors

Question 25

what are the 3 colours the eye perceives

Answer 25

red
green
blue

Question 26

what are the pigments which detect the three main colours

Answer 26

photopsins

Question 27

how are photopsins created

Answer 27

when the retinal binds to 3 distinct opsin proteins