Locomotion

Question 1

in humans, muscles attach to a skeletal system to produce…

Answer 1

locomotion

Question 2

what is muscle tissue responsible for

Answer 2

movement and locomotion

Question 3

what do muscles rely on?

Answer 3

contractile fibres to create motion

Question 4

what are the special properties of muscle (4)

Answer 4

excitability
contractibility
extensibility
elasticity

Question 5

name the 3 major muscle types

Answer 5

skeletal
smooth
cardiac

Question 6

what is the structure of skeletal muscle

Answer 6

consists of a bindle of long fibres, each a single cell, running parellel to the length of the muscle

Question 7

what does each muscle fibre is itself a bindle of smaller myofibrils arranged longitudinally

Question 8

what is the functional unit of a muscle called ? and what is it bordered by

Answer 8

sarcomere and is bordered by Z lines where thin filaments attach

Question 9

the muscles of a recently deceased human can remain in a contracted state, termed rigor morits, for several hours, due to lack of what ion?

Answer 9

Calcium

Question 10

what is bone made up of

Answer 10

compact bone tissue
spongy bone
marrow cavity

Question 11

describe bone tissue

Answer 11

made up of bone cells in a matric of collagen and minerals

Question 12

what are the three types of bone cells

Answer 12

osteocytes
osteoblasts
osteoclasts

Question 13

what is cartilage

Answer 13

consists of chondrocytes (cartilage cells) in a matric of collagen protein

Question 14

what type of structure does cartilage have

Answer 14

tough, flexible material that pads joints and is found in the nose and ears

Question 15

what is osteoporosis

Answer 15

loss of bone mass, leading to brittle bones
this is due to age and lack of calcium which can contribute to this

Question 16

what is a pivot joint

Answer 16

the bone side past another, gliding joints allow twisting motion

Question 17

what is a hinge joint

Answer 17

allows flexing and extending along on plane, pairs of muscles work opposite one another to create motion

Question 18

what is a ball-and-socket joint

Answer 18

allows rotational movement, multiple pairs of muscle allow movement in a range of directions

Question 19

where is the cardiac muscle located

Answer 19

in the heart

Question 20

what does the cardia muscle consist of

Answer 20

strained cells electrically connected by intercalated disks

Question 21

what is smooth muscle

Answer 21

found in the digestive tract, large blood vessels and several organs
have contractile fibres, but lack orderely striations of skeletal muscle
relatively slow
stimulation from neurons in the automatic nervous system

Question 21

what does the cardia muscle consist of

Answer 21

strained cells electrically connected by intercalated disks

Question 22

the synaptic terminal of the motor neuron releases the neurotransmitter…

Answer 22

acetylcholine

Question 22

describe what sliding filament theory is

Answer 22

thin and thick filaments slide past each other longitude powered by the myosin molecules

Question 22

what is the functional unit of a muscle called ? and what is it bordered by

Answer 22

sarcomere and is bordered by Z lines where thin filaments attach

Question 22

name the energy which is stored in muscle cells

Answer 22

myosin
releasing ADP and Pi

Question 23

name the 2 proteins present in muscle fibres

Answer 23

tropomyosin
troponin complex

Question 23

what part binds to the actin filament

Answer 23

head of a myosin

Question 23

what two molecules generate the ATP needed to sustain muscle contraction

Answer 23

glycolysis and aerobic respiration

Question 23

name the theory which explained about mechanism of muscle contraction

Answer 23

sliding filament theory