Sensation and Perception

Question 1

Meissner

Answer 1

light touch

Question 2

Merkle

Answer 2

deep pressure and texture

Question 3

Pacinian

Answer 3

deep pressure and vibrations

Question 4

Ruffini

Answer 4

Stretch

Question 5

Free-nerve endings

Answer 5

pain and T

Question 6

Gateway Theory of Pain

Answer 6

Brain decides whether to focus on pain or not via turning ON or OFF pain pathway. If pain pathway is OFF, somatosensory signals are ON. The brain has decided to focus its attention on i.e. pressure rather than pain.

Question 7

Physiological zero

Answer 7

normal body T. Tells me what is hot or cold

Question 8

Propioception/ Kinesthetic sense

Answer 8

where you are in space

Question 9

Pathway of Smell

Answer 9

nostrils, olfac epi, bulb, tract, brainsteam, higher regions of brain i.e amyglada in Limbic system

Question 10

Pathway of Sound

Answer 10

Pinna, Ear canal, tympanic memb, ossicles (MIS), oval window, cochlea, cochlear nerve, Sup olive, Inf Olive, MGN (thalamus) , and auditory cortex (temporal)

Question 11

depth perception

Answer 11

binocular, monocular cues

Question 12

motion

Answer 12

magno cells

Question 13

Details then big picture

Answer 13

Bottom Up

Question 14

Using what you know to drive your perception

Answer 14

Top Down processing

Question 15

signal present- you get it right

Answer 15

HIT

Question 16

signal present- you get it wrong

Answer 16

Miss

Question 17

signal absent - you get it wrong

Answer 17

False alarm

Question 18

signal absent- you get it right

Answer 18

correct negative

Question 19

A man is discerning a specific noise within a field of many noises.

Answer 19

signal detection

Question 20

A reduction in response to a stimulus over time

Answer 20

sensory adaptation

Question 21

Middle ear

Answer 21

MIS (Malleus, incus, stapes)

Question 22

detect chemicals in the environment

Answer 22

chemoreceptors

Question 23

refracts light

Answer 23

lens

Question 24

gathers and focuses light

Answer 24

cornea

Question 25

images are projected and transduced into electrical signals

Answer 25

retina

Question 26

detects pain

Answer 26

nociceptors

Question 27

touch, pain, T, pressure

Answer 27

somatosensation

Question 28

kinesthetic sense is the ability to

Answer 28

know where you are in 3D space

Question 29

balance and equilibrium

Answer 29

vestibular sense

Question 30

5 taste modalities

Answer 30

“SSSBU”

Sweet, savory, sour, bitter, umami

Question 31

baths membranous labyrinth

Answer 31

endolymph

Question 32

bath space in bony labyrinth

Answer 32

perilymph

Question 33

potassium rich fluid that bathes hair cells of the inner ear

Answer 33

endolymph

Question 34

vertigo or dizziness

Answer 34

vestibular sense

Question 35

expectations and recognitions to understanding what you are looking at

Answer 35

Top down processing

Question 36

looking at every individual detail to create a cohesive understanding of what you are looking at

Answer 36

Bottom Up processing

Question 37

Name all of Gestalt Principles

Answer 37

Closure, Similarity, Proximity, Subjective contours, and Good Continuation

Question 38

You see a figure that is not really there

Answer 38

subjective contours

Question 39

similar objects grouped together

Answer 39

similarity

Question 40

A patient comes in with a tumor of the pituitary gland, which grows upwards into the optic chiasm and causes a visual field defect. The most likely defect from compression of the optic chiasm is:

Answer 40

loss of the temporal visual fields of both eyes.

images on the nasal half of the retina actually originate in the temporal visual field.