Genetics

Question 1

When only one dominant and one recessive allele exist for a given gene

Answer 1

complete dominance

Question 2

When more than one dominant allele exists for a given gene

Answer 2

codominance

Question 3

heterozygotes express phenotype intermediate between both parents

Answer 3

incomplete dominance

Question 4

Proportion of the population that express phenotype

Answer 4

Penetrance

Question 5

100% of indivi express phenotype that have allele

Answer 5

Full Penetrance

Question 6

Some indivi express phenotype that have allele

Answer 6

high penetrance

Question 7

Some indivi do not express phenotype that have allele

Answer 7

low penetrance

Question 8

Different manisfestations of the same genotype across a population

Answer 8

expressivity

Question 9

Point mutation

Answer 9

change in 1 nucleotide

Question 10

point mutation that is silent

Answer 10

wobble

Question 11

point mutation changes reading frame

Answer 11

Frame shift mutation

Question 12

What are the two ways a frame shift mut can result?

Answer 12

Deletion and Addition

Question 13

change in nucleotide results in change of a.a.

Answer 13

Missense

Question 14

change in nucleotide introduces stop codon

Answer 14

Nonsense

Question 15

A nonsense mutation results in what type of protein

Answer 15

Truncated

Question 16

Mutations can be 3 typtes

Answer 16

Inversion, translocation, insertion

Question 17

segment of gene jumps to another part of the gene

Answer 17

transposon

Question 18

flow of genes between species

Answer 18

gene leakage

Question 19

refers to changes in the composition of the gene pool due to chance

Answer 19

Genetic drift

Question 20

small population is reproductively isolated

Answer 20

Founder Effect

Question 21

castastrophic events can lead to ______ that reduce size of population

Answer 21

bottlenecks

Question 22

mating between two genetically similar individuals

Answer 22

inbreeding

Question 23

mating between two genetically similar individuals leads to reduced fitness

Answer 23

inbreeding depression

Question 24

bring individuals of a diff population to an inbreeding population to create genetic diversity

Answer 24

outbreeding

Question 25

encourages homozygosity which inc prevalence of both homo dom and rec genotypes

Answer 25

inbreeding

Question 26

p+ q= 1

Answer 26

H.W

Question 27

p^2+ 2pq+q^2= 1

Answer 27

H.W

Question 28

p^2

Answer 28

freq homo dom

Question 29

2pq

Answer 29

hetero

Question 30

q^2

Answer 30

homo recessive

Question 31

measure of organisms success in population; whether it survives, success in supporting offspring, and ability of the offspring to then support others

Answer 31

Inclusive fitness

Question 32

Reproductive sucess

Answer 32

Fitness

Question 33

Naturally occurring differences in form between members o the same population

Answer 33

polymorphisms

Question 34

Fusion of gametes but lead to nonviable offspring

Answer 34

postzygotic mechanisms

Question 35

reproductive isolation may prevent formation of zygote completely

Answer 35

prezygotic mechanisms

Question 36

having one allele

Answer 36

hemizygous

Question 37

Mendels first law

Answer 37

segregation
org has two alleles for each gene, which segregate during meiosis, resulting in gametes carrying only one allele for a trait.

Question 38

Mendel’s second law

Answer 38

Independent assortment

inheritance for one allele does not influence the probability of inheriting a given allele for a different trait.

Question 39

Why is genetic diversity good?

Answer 39

Inc probability of survival in changing environmental stresses

Question 40

Genetic diversity is good for

Answer 40

fitness