Semester 2 Imaging Quality Exam 1 Flashcards
Any image acquisition process that produces an electronic image that can be viewed and manipulated on a computer
Digital imaging
A square arrangement of numbers / boxes in columns and rows
Matrix
Ability of an imaging system to demonstrate small details of an object
Spatial resolution
Anything that interferes with the formation of the image
Noise
The amount of error that still results in a quality image
Latitude
used as a cross reference to transform raw information used to correct values
Look up table
Cassette based digital uses storage phosphor plates to produce projection images
Computed radiography
Casetteless system uses X-ray absorber material coupled to a flat panel detector or a charge coupled device to form the image
Digital radiography
Digital imaging and communications in medicine standard that allows network communication between modality and PACS
DICOM
Thin piece of plastic with several layers of material that capture and store image date
Imaging plate
Rigid plastic housing for the imaging plate
Casette
Produces light when stimulated by light or X-ray photons
Photostimulable phosphor PSP
Light produced by a phosphor when stimulated by light or X-ray photons
Photostimulable luminesence
Determined by the size and layers of crystals in the film and screen computer radiography system speeds are a reflection of the photo stimulable luminescence given off at the imaging plate while being scanned by laser
Speed
Grid line or image noise pattern occurs either when the alignment of the grid to the laser scan direction is incorrect or when spatial frequency is greater than NyQuil frequency wraparound image will result
Moire pattern
Amount of exposure received by the image receptor
Exposure index
Used to blacking out white collimation borders in a digital image effectively eliminating Veil glare
Shuttering
Graphic representation of all of the digitally recorded signals of a digital x-ray exposure
Histogram
Grid ratio
Ratio of the height of the Gridline used to the width of the interspace material
Number of grid lines per inch
Grid frequency
Failure of an imaging system to record densities usually caused by lack of x-ray photons
Quantum mottle
Photosensitive receptor and electronics in bedded into a substrate material in a silicone chip act as cameras
Charge couple device
Photosensitive array made up of small pixels converts light into electrical charges
Thin film transistor
Measurement of how efficiently a system converts an x-ray input signal into useful output image
Detective quantum efficiency
The ability of an imaging system to respond to varying levels of exposure
Dynamic range
Temporary cessation of breathing especially during sleep
apnea
Complete or partial collapse of lung or section of lung
Atelectasis
A condition caused by excess fluid in the lungs
Pulmonary edema
One or more arteries in the lungs becomes blocked by a blood clot
Pulmonary embolus
Surgical removal of lung or part of a lung
Pneumoectomy
Invasive procedure to remove fluid or air from the pleural space
Thoracentesis
Acquired or hereditary disease of the heart muscle this condition makes it hard for the heart to deliver blood to the body and can lead to heart failure
Cardio myopathy
Blockage or closing of a blood vessel or hollow organ
Occlusion
Independence or blockage of one or more arteries that supply blood to the heart usually due to atherosclerosis
CAD coronary artery disease
A.k.a. heart attack occurs when blood flow to the heart is cut off causing tissue damage
Myocardial infarction MI
Excessive localized enlargement of an artery caused by a weakening of the artery wall
Aneurysm
Infection that inflamed air sacs in one or both lungs which may fill with fluid
Pneumonia
Collection of blood in the space between the chest wall and the lung
Hemothorax
Condition occurs when air leaks into the space between the lungs and chest wall
Pneumothorax
Difficult or labored breathing
Dysapnea
Picture archiving and communication system consists of digital acquisition display workstations and storage devices interconnected through a network
PACS
numeric value of exposure received by the receptors in the digital system key value in monitoring a quality radiograph obtained with least amount of those to the patient
S number
Occurs when fewer pixels in the neighborhood are included in the signal average the smaller the neighborhood the greater the enhancement
Edge enhancement
Directly related to the amount of spatial resolution or detail in the image. Smaller pixel greater the detail
Pixel size
How bright or dark the screen image is
Window level
