Semester 1 Exam 1 Chest & Abdomen

Question 1

A patient has a left-sided pleural effusion as demonstrated on a PA chest. The radiologist wants an additional view to demonstrate fluid levels. What position would best demonstrate this condition?

Answer 1

Left Lateral Decubitus

Question 2

In the left lateral decubitus projection of the abdomen, free air will form shadows under the:

Answer 2

Right Hemidiaphragm

Question 3

A properly exposed abdominal radiograph will exhibit the:

1. psoas muscles
2. lower border of the liver
3. transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae

Answer 3

1, 2, & 3

Question 4

The plane that passes vertically through the body, dividing it into anterior and posterior halves, is termed the:

Answer 4

MCP Mid Coronal Plane

Question 5

The average body type that comprises approximately half of the population is called:

Answer 5

Sthenic

Question 6

What structure is best demonstrated on the lateral abdomen.

Answer 6

Abdominal Aorta

Question 7

The shoulders are rolled forward for PA chest projections to:

Answer 7

Remove Scapula from lung field

Question 8

For an upright PA chest examination, the top of the image receptor is placed:

Answer 8

1.5 inches above the shoulder

Question 9

With the patient recumbent and the central ray directed horizontally, the patient is said to be in the

Answer 9

Decubitus position

Question 10

Rupture of which of the following would be the most likely cause of free air on an upright abdomen image?

Answer 10

Colon

Question 11

Pleural effusion is defined as:

Answer 11

Collection of fluid in pleural cavity

Question 12

The ridge that marks the bifurcation of the trachea into right and left primary bronchi is the:

Answer 12

Carina

Question 13

The imaginary plane that divides the body into equal right and left halves is called the:

Answer 13

Midsagittal

Question 14

What position does NOT demonstrate free air levels within the abdomen?

Answer 14

Supine

Question 15

Which term means lying down in any position?

Answer 15

Recumbent

Question 16

Ileus is a condition caused by

Answer 16

Failure of bowel peristalis

Question 17

Chest radiographs may demonstrate a condition known as pneumothorax. Pneumothorax is best defined as :

Answer 17

Air in the pleural cavity

Question 18

What anatomical structures must be included abdominal radiography?

Answer 18

Diaphragm, pubic symphysis, psoas muscles

Question 19

Which of the following is (are) recommended when positioning the patient for a lateral projection of the chest?

1. The patient should be examined upright
2. The shoulders should be depressed
3. The shoulders should be rolled forward

Answer 19

1 only

Question 20

What anatomical structures must be included on a PA projection of the chest?

Answer 20

distal cervical spine, outer border of the ribs, aortic knob

Question 21

Which of the following terms implies that the central ray will be angled?

Answer 21

Axial

Question 22

An effective way to determine if the PA chest radiograph is rotated is:

Answer 22

the asymmetric appearance of the sternoclavicular joints

Question 23

What are the technical factors used for general Radiography?

Answer 23

SID, Kvp, mAs

Question 24

Prior to bringing the patient into the radiographic room the radiographer should:

1. assemble accessories needed for the exam
2. be certain x-ray room is clean and orderly
3. set appropriate technical factors

Answer 24

1,2,3

Question 25

CR location for lateral chest should be

Answer 25

T6-T7

Question 26

Why are chest x-rays ideally performed in the upright position at 72" SID? 1. To demonstrate possible air/fluid levels. 2. To move the diaphragm to its lowest possible position. 3. To minimize distortion/magnification of the heart and great vessels.

Answer 26

1,2,3

Question 27

For the left lateral decubitus abdomen position, the central ray should enter:

Answer 27

Patient positioned left side down with the central ray 2 inches above the crest

Question 28

Which of the following terms describes where the central ray enters and exits the patient:

Answer 28

Projection

Question 29

Which statements is true; regarding the correct method for imaging the abdomen in the supine position?

Answer 29

The central is directed perpendicular to the iliac crest.

Question 30

A patient is standing with her right side against the image receptor. The position of the patient:

Answer 30

Right Lateral

Question 31

The body habitus characterized by a massive build, short broad lung, and high and transverse organs is known as:

Answer 31

Hyperstenic

Question 32

For the KUB radiograph, when should respiration be suspended, and what effect will that have on the diaphragm?

Answer 32

On full expiration the diaphragm is elevated

Question 33

The body habitus characterized by a long and narrow thoracic cavity and low, midline stomach and gall bladder is the:

Answer 33

Asthenic

Question 34

CR location for upright AP Abdomen

Answer 34

2 inches above the illiac crest

Question 35

The upper most portion of the iliac crest is approximately at the same level as the:

Answer 35

4th lumbar vertebrae

Question 36

Kvp range for PA chest with grid?

Answer 36

105-120

Question 37

Which of the following structures must be demonstrated on the upright abdomen?

Answer 37

entire diaphragm

Question 38

If a patient is too ill to stand for an upright abdomen, which of the following should be substituted?

Answer 38

Left lateral decubitus

Question 39

The trachea is ___________to the esophagus:

Answer 39

Anterior

Question 40

When viewing a supine abdomen radiograph, what criteria is used to determine that all necessary anatomy is included?

Answer 40

From pubic symphysis to diaphragm

Question 41

What structures located within the abdomen allow for lifting ones legs and bending at the waist from front to back?

Answer 41

Psoas Muscles

Question 42

A patient who is facing forward with his arms at his sides and palms facing forward is in the _____ position:

Answer 42

Anatomic

Question 43

What is the best criterion to use to determine whether rotation exists on a lateral chest radiographic image?

Answer 43

Posterior ribs & lungs mostly superimposed

Question 44

During deep inspiration the diaphragm is

Answer 44

lowered

Question 45

Kvp range for abdominal radiography?

Answer 45

80-90

Question 46

The abdomen is divided into four quadrants. How many regions is the abdomen divided into:

Answer 46

9

Question 47

When reviewing a PA chest radiograph, how do you determine that the patient has taken a deep inspiration?

Answer 47

10 posterior ribs visualized

Question 48

In cases of suspected bowel obstructions, a lateral decubitus projection of the abdomen would be taken to demonstrate:

Answer 48

Presence of gas or fluid levels