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Radiology > Semester 1 Exam 1 Chest & Abdomen > Flashcards

Semester 1 Exam 1 Chest & Abdomen Flashcards

1
Q

A patient has a left-sided pleural effusion as demonstrated on a PA chest. The radiologist wants an additional view to demonstrate fluid levels. What position would best demonstrate this condition?

A

Left Lateral Decubitus

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2
Q

In the left lateral decubitus projection of the abdomen, free air will form shadows under the:

A

Right Hemidiaphragm

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3
Q

A properly exposed abdominal radiograph will exhibit the:

  1. psoas muscles
  2. lower border of the liver
  3. transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae
A

1, 2, & 3

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4
Q

The plane that passes vertically through the body, dividing it into anterior and posterior halves, is termed the:

A

MCP Mid Coronal Plane

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5
Q

The average body type that comprises approximately half of the population is called:

A

Sthenic

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6
Q

What structure is best demonstrated on the lateral abdomen.

A

Abdominal Aorta

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7
Q

The shoulders are rolled forward for PA chest projections to:

A

Remove Scapula from lung field

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8
Q

For an upright PA chest examination, the top of the image receptor is placed:

A

1.5 inches above the shoulder

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9
Q

With the patient recumbent and the central ray directed horizontally, the patient is said to be in the

A

Decubitus position

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10
Q

Rupture of which of the following would be the most likely cause of free air on an upright abdomen image?

A

Colon

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11
Q

Pleural effusion is defined as:

A

Collection of fluid in pleural cavity

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12
Q

The ridge that marks the bifurcation of the trachea into right and left primary bronchi is the:

A

Carina

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13
Q

The imaginary plane that divides the body into equal right and left halves is called the:

A

Midsagittal

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14
Q

What position does NOT demonstrate free air levels within the abdomen?

A

Supine

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15
Q

Which term means lying down in any position?

A

Recumbent

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16
Q

Ileus is a condition caused by

A

Failure of bowel peristalis

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17
Q

Chest radiographs may demonstrate a condition known as pneumothorax. Pneumothorax is best defined as :

A

Air in the pleural cavity

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18
Q

What anatomical structures must be included abdominal radiography?

A

Diaphragm, pubic symphysis, psoas muscles

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19
Q

Which of the following is (are) recommended when positioning the patient for a lateral projection of the chest?

  1. The patient should be examined upright
  2. The shoulders should be depressed
  3. The shoulders should be rolled forward
A

1 only

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20
Q

What anatomical structures must be included on a PA projection of the chest?

A

distal cervical spine, outer border of the ribs, aortic knob

21
Q

Which of the following terms implies that the central ray will be angled?

A

Axial

22
Q

An effective way to determine if the PA chest radiograph is rotated is:

A

the asymmetric appearance of the sternoclavicular joints

23
Q

What are the technical factors used for general Radiography?

A

SID, Kvp, mAs

24
Q

Prior to bringing the patient into the radiographic room the radiographer should:

  1. assemble accessories needed for the exam
  2. be certain x-ray room is clean and orderly
  3. set appropriate technical factors
A

1,2,3

25
Q

CR location for lateral chest should be

A

T6-T7

26
Q

Why are chest x-rays ideally performed in the upright position at 72” SID?

  1. To demonstrate possible air/fluid levels.
  2. To move the diaphragm to its lowest possible position.
  3. To minimize distortion/magnification of the heart and great vessels.
A

1,2,3

27
Q

For the left lateral decubitus abdomen position, the central ray should enter:

A

Patient positioned left side down with the central ray 2 inches above the crest

28
Q

Which of the following terms describes where the central ray enters and exits the patient:

A

Projection

29
Q

Which statements is true; regarding the correct method for imaging the abdomen in the supine position?

A

The central is directed perpendicular to the iliac crest.

30
Q

A patient is standing with her right side against the image receptor. The position of the patient:

A

Right Lateral

31
Q

The body habitus characterized by a massive build, short broad lung, and high and transverse organs is known as:

A

Hyperstenic

32
Q

For the KUB radiograph, when should respiration be suspended, and what effect will that have on the diaphragm?

A

On full expiration the diaphragm is elevated

33
Q

The body habitus characterized by a long and narrow thoracic cavity and low, midline stomach and gall bladder is the:

A

Asthenic

34
Q

CR location for upright AP Abdomen

A

2 inches above the illiac crest

35
Q

The upper most portion of the iliac crest is approximately at the same level as the:

A

4th lumbar vertebrae

36
Q

Kvp range for PA chest with grid?

A

105-120

37
Q

Which of the following structures must be demonstrated on the upright abdomen?

A

entire diaphragm

38
Q

If a patient is too ill to stand for an upright abdomen, which of the following should be substituted?

A

Left lateral decubitus

39
Q

The trachea is ___________to the esophagus:

A

Anterior

40
Q

When viewing a supine abdomen radiograph, what criteria is used to determine that all necessary anatomy is included?

A

From pubic symphysis to diaphragm

41
Q

What structures located within the abdomen allow for lifting ones legs and bending at the waist from front to back?

A

Psoas Muscles

42
Q

A patient who is facing forward with his arms at his sides and palms facing forward is in the _____ position:

A

Anatomic

43
Q

What is the best criterion to use to determine whether rotation exists on a lateral chest radiographic image?

A

Posterior ribs & lungs mostly superimposed

44
Q

During deep inspiration the diaphragm is

A

lowered

45
Q

Kvp range for abdominal radiography?

A

80-90

46
Q

The abdomen is divided into four quadrants. How many regions is the abdomen divided into:

A

9

47
Q

When reviewing a PA chest radiograph, how do you determine that the patient has taken a deep inspiration?

A

10 posterior ribs visualized

48
Q

In cases of suspected bowel obstructions, a lateral decubitus projection of the abdomen would be taken to demonstrate:

A

Presence of gas or fluid levels

Radiology (13 decks)

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