Second semester Digestive system self test Flashcards
What is the first division of the digestive system?
Mouth
Which salivary gland is the largest?
Parotid
Which salivary glands are the smallest?
Sublingual
Which salivary glands are located along the lateral aspect of mandibular ramus
parotid
Which salivary duct opens into the oral vestibule opposite the second upper molar?
Parotid
Which 2 imaging modalities have greatly reduced the frequency of sialography?
CT & MRI
For sialography into which structure is the contrast medium injected?
salivary duct
which sialographic projection directs the central ray along the mandibular ramus?
tangential projection
which sialographic projection demonstrates a parotid gland SI over a mandibular ramus
Lateral projection
which 2 sialoraphic projections BD the parotid gland
tangential and lateral
which gland is demonstrated with tangential projections
parotid
which sialographic projection demonstrates parotid and submanibular glands
lateral projection
which salivary gland can be demonstrated with a lateral projection when the patients head is adjusted so that the midsagital plane is rotated approx 15 degrees toward the IR from the true lateral and the CR is directed to .1” above the mandibular ramus?
Parotid
which salivary gland can be demonstrated with a lateral projection when the patients head is positioned true lateral and a perpendicular CR is directed to the inferior margin of the mandibular angle
submandibular
for the lateral projection demonstrating the submandibular gland what is the purpose of pressing the tongue to the floor of the mouth
to displace the submandibular gland below the mandible
in which body habitus type is the stomach almost horizontal and high in the abdomen
hypersthenic
which curvature is located on the right (medial) border of the stomach ?
Lesser
which area is the most superior part of the stomach
fundus
which area is the most inferior part of the stomach
pylorus
the distal esophagus empties its contents to which of the following
cardic antrum
which opening is located between the stomach and small intestine
pyloric orifice
which opening is at the distal end of the small intestine
ileocecal orifice
which structure is the proximal part of the small intestine
duodenum
what structure is the distal part of the small intestine
ileum
in which abdominal region does the large intention originate
right iliac
which structure is the proximal part of the large intestine
cecum
which part of the large intestine is located between the ascending and descending parts of the colon
transverse
what structure is located between the ascending colon and the transverse colon
right colic flexure
where in the L intestion is the L colic flexure located?
between the transverse colon and the descending colon
what structure is the pouch like part of the L intestine situated below the junction of the ileum and the colon
cecum
where in the large intestine is the sigmoid located?
between the descending colon and rectum
approx how long does it take the first part of the barium meal to reach the ileocecal valve
2-3 hours
approx how long does it take a barium meal to reach the rectum
24 hrs
which two imaging modalities are most commonly used to examine the alimentary canal after the introduction of a barium product
fluoroscopy and radiography
which type of contrast medium is most commonly used for examining the upper GI tract?
barium sulfate suspension
to demonstrate swallowing function best what position should the patient be placed to begin the fluroscopic phase of a single contrast examination of the esophagus
upright
which 2 recumbent oblique positions can be used to BD an obstructed image of barium filled esophagus between the vertebrae and the heart
RAO LPO
which of the following is a major advantage of a double contrast UGI examination over single contrast
small lesions on the mucosal lining are better demonstrated
which description refers to the biphasic GI examination
combination single contrast and double contrast study of the upper GI tract
which body habitus produces the greatest visceral movement when a pt is moved from prone to upright position
asthenic
for the PA projection as part of the UGI examination why should the lower lung fields be included on a 14”x17” radiation field
to demonstrate a possible hiatal hernia
for the double contrast UGI examination which proj produces the best image of a gas filled duodenal bulb and pyloric canal
APO recumbent LPO
for the single contrast UGI w/ pt recumbent which projection produces the best image of a barium filled pyloric canal and duodenal bulb in pts whose habitus approximates the sthenic type
PAO projection RAO position
for the UGI examination with the patient recumbent which projection best stimulates gastric peristalsis to demonstrate the pyloric canal and duodenal bulb better
PAO projection RAO position
which breathing procedure should the pt perform when UGI images are exposed
suspended expiration
for the double contrast UGI with the pt recumbent which projection produces the best image of a gas filled fundus?
PAO projection RAO position
for the ugi examination w the pt recumbent which projection BD the right retrogastric space
R lateral projection
for the ap projection with the pt supine as part of the ugi exam which procedure should be performed to demonstrate best a diaphragmatic herniation hiatal hernia
tilt the table and pt into a full trendelenburg position
to which level of the pt should the CR ve directed for the PA oblique projection RAO position as part of the UGI examination
L1-L2
which examination of the alimentary canal requires that a series of images be taken at a specific time intervals after the ingestion of the contrast medium
Small bowel Series
For a small series of a patient with hypomotility of the small intestine which proeceure should be performed to accelerate peristalsis
Drink a glass of ice water
which structure when visualized on an image as part of a small bowel series usually indicated the completion of the exam?
cecum
what is the proper sequence for filling the L intestine w barium when performing a BE
rectum, sigmoid, descending colon, transverse colon, and ascending colon
which instructions should be given to the pt if cramping is experienced during filling of the large intestine for a BE
deep oral breathing
before the enema tip is inserted during a BE why should a small amount of barium sulfate mixture be allowed to run into a waste basin
to remove air from the tube
which procedure should be accomplished when inserting the enema tip for a BE
ensure the tip is inserted no more than 3 1/2”- 4”
for the PA projection during a BE what is the advantage of placing the x-ray table and pt in a slight trendelenberg position
to help separate overlapping loops of the distal bowel
how many degrees and in what directions should the CR be directed for PA Axial projection during a BE
30-40 degrees caudal
which structures of the large intestine are of primary interest with AP axial or PA axial projections during a BE
sigmoid and rectum
which structure of the L intestine is of primary interest for PAO projection RAO position during BE exam
R colic flexure
which 2 oblique projections can be performed to demonstrate best the left colic flexure during a BE
PAO projection LAO position and APO RPO position
which structure of the large intestine is BD if pt is rotated 45 degrees from a supine position to move the right side of the abdomen away from the x-ray table during a BE
R colic flexure
for the right lateral decubitus position as part of a BE which procedure should be done to ensure that the ascending colon is demonstrated in the image
Elevate the pt on a radiolucent support
Which BE projection requires a 10x12” lengthwise exposure field or CR plate be centered to the level of the ASIS
lateral
which BE projection doesn’t require colic flexures be included in the image
lateral
