semester 1 unit 1

Question 1

characteristics of life (7)

Answer 1

excretion, growth, homeostasis, metabolism, nutrition, reproduction, response

Question 2

cell theory

Answer 2

the cell is the basic unit of life, all living things are composed of cells, cells come from preexisting cells

Question 3

how do eukaryotes divide?

Answer 3

through binary fission, mitosis, or meiosis

Question 4

how do prokaryotes divide?

Answer 4

through binary fission

Question 5

discrepancy

Answer 5

does not fit the general trend

Question 6

binary fission

Answer 6

a type of asexual reproduction where offspring arise from a single parent cell and the offspring is genetically identical to the parent cell

Question 7

process of binary fission

Answer 7

1. the parent cell prepares for reproduction 2. prokaryotes replicate DNA before cell division 3. the 2 DNA molecules each attach to a different part of the cell membrane and build more membrane to elongate the cell 4. the cells successfully divide and are genetically identical to the single cell from which they arose

Question 8

formula for magnification

Answer 8

measured size of the object / actual size of the object

Question 9

millimeters (mm) can be converted to micrometers (μm) by _?

Answer 9

multiplying by 1000

Question 10

micrometers (μm) can be converted to millimeters by _?

Answer 10

dividing by 1000

Question 11

antibiotics

Answer 11

chemicals that can kill bacteria or inhibit bacteria replication

Question 12

the fleming discovery

Answer 12

mold drifted through the air and stopped the spread of a bacteria that had been growing, afterwards fleming found that the mold contained a self-defense chemical which led to the discovery of penicillin

Question 13

florey and chain

Answer 13

further research of fleming’s discovery enabled the testing and production of penicillin, they tested the drug on mice before human where they proved it to be effective

Question 14

growth

Answer 14

an irreversible increase in size

Question 15

reproduction

Answer 15

producing offspring asexually/sexually

Question 16

response

Answer 16

reacting to changes in the environment

Question 17

homeostasis

Answer 17

keeping conditions inside of the cell within tolerable limits

Question 18

metabolism

Answer 18

anabolism + catabolism, chemical reactions inside the cell

Question 19

nutrition

Answer 19

obtaining food for energy and growth

Question 20

prokaryotic cells include…

Answer 20

bacteria and archaea

Question 21

eukaryotic cells include…

Answer 21

animal, plants, and protists

Question 22

prokaryotic cells…

Answer 22

smaller, no membrane bound organelles, cell wall in all, DNA in their nucleoid, smaller 70S ribosomes, have cytoplasm

Question 23

eukaryotic cells…

Answer 23

bigger, membrane bound organelles, cell wall in plants and fungus only, DNA in their nucleus, larger 80S ribosomes, have cytoplasm

Question 24

light microscopes

Answer 24

magnify images; can view living cells, movement and color; have a larger FOV size; 2,000/1,000X max magnification

Question 25

electron microscopes

Answer 25

magnify and resolve; can not view living cells, movement, or color; smaller FOV size; 250,000 max magnification