sem 2 final: part 4 Flashcards
Cell wall
Encloses to prevent bursting, helps cell maintain its shape
Plasma membrane
Surrounds, controls movement of substances in and out of the cell
Cytoplasm
Fills, holds all organelles, contains enzymes that catalyze many reactions
Pili
(Only in prokaryotes) On cell wall, helps with cell adhesion and transferring DNA between 2 cells
Flagella
(Only in prokaryotes) Responsible for locomotion aka propelling the cell
Ribosomes
Are the site of protein synthesis
What does 80s/70s refer to?
Sedimentation rate of RNA subunits
Plasmids
(Only in prokaryotes) Small circles of DNA that carry a few genes; often genes that give antibiotic resistance
Mitochondria
(Only in eukaryotes) Site of cellular respiration which ATP (the storage of energy) is generated
Cellulose
Responsible for the structural strength of the cell wall
Nucleolus
Part of nucleus involving production of ribosomes
Rough versus smooth endoplasmic reticulum
ROUGH ER: transports proteins produced by ribosomes. SMOOTH ER: produces and stores lipids (steroids)
Golgi apparatus
Processes/packages proteins released in golgi vesicles
Vesicle
Small sac that transports/releases substances produced by cell by fusing with cell membrane
Lysosomes
Are not in plant cells, contain hydrolytic enzymes, play important role in destruction of microbes and old cellular organelles
