semester 1 exam part 4 Flashcards
a flattened membranous sac inside a chloroplast that contains most of the components involved in the light reaction of photosynthesis
thylakoid
the molecule that accepts electrons that the chlorophyll a molecules have lost
primary electron acceptor
carbon atoms are fixed into organic compounds in
the calvin cycle
to produce the same amount of carbonhydrate, C4 plants require less
carbon dioxide than C3 plants
which of the following environmental factors will cause a rapid decline in the photosynthesis rate if the factor rises above a certain level
temperature
organic compounds that can be made from the products of the calvin cycle include
carbonhydrates, amino acids, and lipids
which of the following is not part of the light reactions
carbon fixation
the light reactions take place
on the thylakoid membrane
during photosynthesis, oxygen is produced when
water is split
excited electrons that leave chlorophyll a travel along two electron transport chains, resulting in the production of
NADP
a process that relies on a concentration gradient of protons across the thylakoid membrane to synthesize ATP
chemiosmosis
the breakdown product of glucose that diffuses into the mitochondrial matrix fro further breakdown is
pyruvic acid
glycolysis takes place
in the cytosol
the net number of ATP molecules made directly by glycolysis is
2
the starting substance of the krebs cycle, which is regenerated at the end of the cycle is
oxaloacetic acid
during glycolysis, glucose is
partially broken down and some of its stored energy is released
the electron transport chian or aerobic respiration
pumps protons into the space between the inner and outer mitochondrial membranes
the krebs cycle
breaks down a two carbon molecule into two molecules of carbon dioxide
both lactic acid fermentation and alcoholic fermentation produce
NAD+ from NADH and H+
the krebs cycle occurs in the
mitochondrial matrix
most of the ATP synthesized in aerobic respiration is made
through chemiosmosis
by accepting electrons and protons the oxygen used in aerobic respiration turns into
H20
glycolysis begins with glucose and produces
pyruvic acid
the electron transport chian is driven by two products of the krebs cycle
NADH and FADH2
six carbon compound that is the product of acetyl CoA and oxaloacetic acid is
citric acid
cellular respiration in the presence of oxygen is
aerobic
before the krebs cycle can proceed, pyruvic acid must be converted into
acetyl CoA
which of the following is not a product of the krebs cycle
ethyl alcohol
cellular respiration is similar to photosynthesis in that they both
produce ATP
involve chemiosmosis
make PGAL
ATP is synthesized in the electron transport chain when which of the following moves across the inner mitochondrial membrane
protons
