semester 1 exam part 2

Question 1

forms large molecules into smaller ones

Answer 1

condensation reaction

Question 2

monomer of many polysaccharides

Answer 2

glucose

Question 3

attractive force between unlike particles

Answer 3

adhesion

Question 4

attractive force between like particles

Answer 4

cohesion

Question 5

component of many lipids

Answer 5

fatty acid

Question 6

in an ionic bond

Answer 6

two atoms of opposite charge are held together

Question 7

involves the transfer of electrons between atoms

Answer 7

redox reaction

Question 8

amount of energy needed to start a reaction

Answer 8

activation energy

Question 9

substance that neutralizes small amounts of acids or bases added to a solution

Answer 9

buffer

Question 10

chemical reaction that can proceed backward or forward

Answer 10

reversible reaction

Question 11

charged particles that move around an atom’s nucleus

Answer 11

electron

Question 12

chemical bonds are broken, atoms are rearranged, and new bonds are formed during

Answer 12

chemical reactions

Question 13

breakdown of polymers into monomer is

Answer 13

hydrolysis

Question 14

organic molecules that catalyze reactions are

Answer 14

enzymes

Question 15

lipids are good energy storage molecules because

Answer 15

they have many carbon hydrogen bonds

Question 16

a compound that is stored as glycogen in animals and as starch in plants is

Answer 16

glucose

Question 17

the organelles in plant cells that contain a green pigment are the

Answer 17

chloroplasts

Question 18

plant cells have large membrane bound spaces which are

Answer 18

vacuoles

Question 19

the gelatin like aqueous fluid that bathes the organelles on the inside of the cell membrane

Answer 19

cytosol

Question 20

the region of a cell between the cell membrane and the nucleus

Answer 20

cytoplasm

Question 21

a prokaryote has a

Answer 21

cell membrane

Question 22

the power house of the cell

Answer 22

mitchondrion

Question 23

lysosomes function in cells to

Answer 23

recycle cell parts
destroy viruses and bacteria
shape developing body parts

Question 24

an organelle that function in the synthesis of proteins

Answer 24

ribosome

Question 25

the nucleolus is

Answer 25

the site where ribosomes are synthesized

Question 26

a system of membranous tubules and sacs in eukaryotic cells that function as a path along which molecules move from one part of the cell to another

Answer 26

endoplasmic reticulum

Question 27

embedded in the bilayer of the cell membrane is the

Answer 27

integral protein

Question 28

a cell that has a nucleus and membrane bound organelles

Answer 28

eukaryote

Question 29

bundles of microtubules active in cell division

Answer 29

spindle fibers

Question 30

fine strands of DNA and protein

Answer 30

chromatin