semester 1 exam part 2 Flashcards
forms large molecules into smaller ones
condensation reaction
monomer of many polysaccharides
glucose
attractive force between unlike particles
adhesion
attractive force between like particles
cohesion
component of many lipids
fatty acid
in an ionic bond
two atoms of opposite charge are held together
involves the transfer of electrons between atoms
redox reaction
amount of energy needed to start a reaction
activation energy
substance that neutralizes small amounts of acids or bases added to a solution
buffer
chemical reaction that can proceed backward or forward
reversible reaction
charged particles that move around an atom’s nucleus
electron
chemical bonds are broken, atoms are rearranged, and new bonds are formed during
chemical reactions
breakdown of polymers into monomer is
hydrolysis
organic molecules that catalyze reactions are
enzymes
lipids are good energy storage molecules because
they have many carbon hydrogen bonds
a compound that is stored as glycogen in animals and as starch in plants is
glucose
the organelles in plant cells that contain a green pigment are the
chloroplasts
plant cells have large membrane bound spaces which are
vacuoles
the gelatin like aqueous fluid that bathes the organelles on the inside of the cell membrane
cytosol
the region of a cell between the cell membrane and the nucleus
cytoplasm
a prokaryote has a
cell membrane
the power house of the cell
mitchondrion
lysosomes function in cells to
recycle cell parts
destroy viruses and bacteria
shape developing body parts
an organelle that function in the synthesis of proteins
ribosome
the nucleolus is
the site where ribosomes are synthesized
a system of membranous tubules and sacs in eukaryotic cells that function as a path along which molecules move from one part of the cell to another
endoplasmic reticulum
embedded in the bilayer of the cell membrane is the
integral protein
a cell that has a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
eukaryote
bundles of microtubules active in cell division
spindle fibers
fine strands of DNA and protein
chromatin