chapter 5 section 1

Question 1

Movement across the cell membrane without any input of energy by the cell; Higher concentration to lower concentration.

Answer 1

Passive transport

Question 2

movement of molecule from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration

Answer 2

diffusion

Question 3

difference in the concentration of molecules across a space

Answer 3

concentration gradient

Question 4

when the concentration of the molecules of a substance is the same throughout a space

Answer 4

equilibrium

Question 5

the ability of a molecule to diffuse across a cell membrane depends on…..?

Answer 5

the size and type of the molecule and on the chemical nature of the membrane.

Question 6

molecules that are very small but not soluble in lipids, diffuse across the cell membrane by moving through…..?

Answer 6

pores of the membrane.

Question 7

the process by which water molecules diffuse across a cell membrane from a n area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration is…

Answer 7

osmosis

Question 8

the concentration of solute molecules outside the cell is lower than the concentration in the cytosol, the solution outside is _______ to the cytosol; water diffuses into the cell

Answer 8

hypotonic

Question 9

the concentration of solute molecules outside the cell is higher than the concentration in the cytosol, the solution outside is ______ to the cytosol; water diffuses out of the cell

Answer 9

hypertonic

Question 10

the concentration of solutes outside and inside the cell are equal

Answer 10

isotonic

Question 11

organelles that remove water; collect excess water and pump out of the cell; requires energy

Answer 11

contractile vacuole

Question 12

pressure that water molecules exert against the cell wall is ____

Answer 12

turgor pressure

Question 13

In a hypertonic environment; water leaves the cell through osmosis. Cells shrink away from the cell walls, and turgor pressure is lost

Answer 13

plasmolysis

Question 14

bursting of cells

Answer 14

cytolosis

Question 15

process used for molecules that cannot diffuse rapidly through cell membranes,.

Answer 15

facilitated diffusion

Question 16

_______ assist in the movement of molecules across a cell membrane ; higher concentration to lower concentration

Answer 16

carrier proteins

Question 17

channels that assist certain ions in diffusing across the cell membrane.

Answer 17

ion channels

Question 18

substances that can pass through cell membranes by diffusion include _____?

Answer 18

oxygen

Question 19

the contractile vacuole of a paramecium should be active when the paramecium is in

Answer 19

a hypotonic environment.

Question 20

when a human red blood cell is placed in a hypotonic environment, it will

Answer 20

undergo cytolosis

Question 21

facilitated diffusion is often used to transport

Answer 21

molecules that are not soluble in lipids.

Question 22

Na + ions enter cells by

Answer 22

diffusing through Na+ ion channels.

Question 23

what type of stimuli can cause the gates on ion channels to open or close

Answer 23

stretching of the cell membrane
electrical signals
chemicals in the cytosol or external environment