chapter 37 section 2 Flashcards
seta
A seta is an external bristle on an annelid
parapodium
A parapodium is a fleshy protrusion on an annelid.
typhlosole
A typhlosole is an infolding of the intestinal wall in
an earthworm
nephridium
A nephridium is an excretory tubule in an
earthworm.
Segmentation is an advantage for annelid worms because it
is accompanied by the duplication of some internal organs.
Contraction of an earthworm’s longitudinal muscles
. pulls the posterior end forward
An earthworm uses its setae to
grip the soil surface
. One difference between leeches and polychaetes is that leeches
. do not have setae.
All annelids in the classes Oligochaeta and Hirudinea have
. a segmented coelom
How does the function of an earthworm’s crop differ from that of its gizzard?
The crop is a temporary storage area for ingested
soil; the gizzard grinds the soil, releasing and
breaking up organic matter
List three benefits of earthworm activity.
Earthworms help release nutrients from dead
matter into the soil, allow air to penetrate into the
soil to reach plant roots and soil microorganisms,
and loosen the soil, which makes it easier for
roots to penetrate and water to seep in.
What is the function of an earthworm’s aortic arches?
They contract and force blood through the circulatory
system.
Describe the locomotion of a leech on land.
A leech attaches its anterior sucker and then pulls
the rest of its body forward.
Some parasitic leeches are attracted by warmth. What type of host would
you expect such leeches to have, and what would be the adaptive advantage of this attraction?
The host would probably be an animal with a high
body temperature, such as a mammal or a bird.
Moving toward warmth would increase the leech’s
chances of finding a suitable host.
