chapter 24 section 1

Question 1

what are extreme halophiles

Answer 1

salt loving bacteria

Question 2

what are thermoacidophiles

Answer 2

live in extremely acidic environments

Question 3

what is bacilus

Answer 3

eubcateria that is rod shaped

Question 4

what is a coccus

Answer 4

eubacteria that is sphere shpaed

Question 5

what is a spirillum

Answer 5

eubacteria that is spiral shaped

Question 6

what is streptococcus

Answer 6

when cocci occur in chains

Question 7

what is staphylococcus

Answer 7

when cocci occur in cluster

Question 8

fossil evidence indicates that the earliest bacteria on earth lived about ______________ before eukaryotes

Answer 8

1 billion years

Question 9

what is a type of bacteria you would be most likely to find in very salty water

Answer 9

extreme halophile

Question 10

archaebacteria and eubacteria are placed in separate kingdoms because archabacteria have some ________

Answer 10

genes that closely resemble those found in eukaryotes

Question 11

actinomycetes are ___________ bacteria that ______________

Answer 11

gram positive bacteria

form branching filaments

Question 12

a type of bacteria you would find in the human intestinal tract

Answer 12

enteric bacterium

Question 13

gram positive bacteria are

Answer 13

bacteria that retain the gram stain and appear purple under the microscope

Question 14

gram negative bacteria are

Answer 14

bacteria that do not retain the purple stain and appears pink

Question 15

Gram positive bacteria retain the gram stain because

Answer 15

they have a thicker layer of peptidoglycon in their cell wall than gram negative bacteria

Question 16

what are some characteristics that are predicted whether a bacterium retains the gram stain or not

Answer 16

different susceptibilities to antibacterial drugs, produce different toxic material, react differently to disinfectants.

Question 17

two ecologically important characteristics of cyanobacteria

Answer 17

produces much of the earths oxygen

species fix atomospheric nitrogen

Question 18

beneficial role of gram positive bacteria in the oral cavity

Answer 18

retards the growth of disease causing bacteria in the oral cavity

Question 19

one harmful role of gram positive bacteria in the oral cavity

Answer 19

tooth decay

Question 20

the sudden increase in the number of cyanobacteria due to a high availability of nutrients is

Answer 20

eutrophication or population bloom

Question 21

gram negative spiral shaped heterotrophic bacteria

Answer 21

spirochetes

Question 22

gram negative bacteria that can extract energy from minerals by oxidizing the chemicals in these minerals.

Answer 22

chemoautotrophs