semester 1 exam Flashcards
Parietal lobe
Bodily sensations, eg. Touch, temp and pain relating to muscle and joint movement
Frontal lobe
speech, movement and personality. control of voluntary movements
Occipital Lobe
analysing and interpreting visual info from eyes visual part of brain
Temporal Lobe
sound recognition and memory storage. sounds based info transmitted to ears then to temporal lobe.
left hemisphere
~ controls movement of right side of body
~production of speech
~sensations of the right side of the body
~listening
~reading and writing
right hemisphere
~ left side of body ~non verbal activities ~drawing ~appreciating works of art ~completing puzzels
midbrain
sensory switchboard
hindbrain
Cerebellum - coordinates voluntary movement - Brainstem - vital activities - Breathing - Heart rate - Sleeping - Reflex
forebrain
Think, feel, behave - Cerebral cortex - two hemispheres
Corpus Callosum
Thick band of fibres - Messages between hemispheres
EEG
Device that detects, amplifies and records electrical activity of the brain. To diagnose disorders such as epilepsy and Parkinson’s disease. Also identify brain waves patterns of people suffering depression
CAT
Iodine based substance injected in vein of persons arm or hand. CT scan reveal location and effects of stroke, injuries, tumours and other brain disorders. still image.
MRI
Strong magnetic field to construct image of brains structure. Distinguish cancer and non-cancerous cells. Pinpoint weakness in blood vessels in the brain. creates a still image.
fMRI
Detects changes in oxygen levels in the blood flowing throughout the brain dead combines the data to create an enhanced 3-D representation of the active brain. fMRI produces a dynamic image.
Gage
a long steel rod went through head, he survived it went through his frontal lobe. his injury changed his personalty. he used to be friendly,kind and caring however after the accident he become mean, and aggressive.
group testing
Advantages ~quick ~easy ~cost effective ~comparable results
Disadvantages ~can culturally biased ~IQ can improve prac tests ~higher background perform better ~test anxiety ~limited info gathered ~may break standardisation
individual testing
advantages ~reduces test anxiety ~examiner direct control environment ~examiner build rapport ~observe student behaviour
Disadvantages
~cost
~requires extensive training
~time
general intelligence
Charles Spearmen
Charles spearmen
believed one general intelligence could be measured
termed “general intelligence”
if you do well in something you will do well in something similar
two factor theory of intelligence
general intelligence
Francis Galton
Francis Galton
first one to study and develop intelligence
believed intelligence could be measured
he came up the term eugenics
binet,simon, terman
Binet and Simon
~came up with the idea of IQ tests and developed it
~developed the idea of mental age
Terman
~ futher developed IQ tests and came up with
IQ=mental age/chronlogica age x 100
~used in ww1
Wechler
WISC / WAIS / WPPIS
he came up with these
~developed emphrical model of intelligence
~he believd the IQ was baised to native born English speakers he tried to minise them
~tests need to be realated to real life situations
Gardener
Gardner proposed that everyone has 9 distinct intelligences of varying levels that are independent of each other.
- Linguistic – use spoken and written language/ability to learn and use language
- Logical/mathematical – ability to analyse/solve problems and think scientifically
- Musical – Ability to perform and compose music, to appreciate rhythm, tone, pitch
- Bodily(kinaesthetic) – use of body or its parts to solve problems, coordination
- Spatial – Ability to use large and small spaces, to form and use visual images of objects
- Interpersonal – ability to understand the intentions, desires and thoughts of others
- Intrapersonal – ability to understand self and own thoughts, feelings and intentions
- Naturalistic – nurturing and relating information to one’s natural surroundings classifying natural forms such as animal and plant species
- Existential – ability to contemplate phenomena or questions beyond sensory data, such as the infinite and infinitesimal, spiritual or religious intelligence
Golman
emotional intelligence
~ Ability to read someone’s emotions and use ones own emotional responses.
~relates with gardeners intrapersonal and interpersonal
Dexter Dunphys theory
structure adolescents groups
Dexter Dunphy observed young people in various social settings for 6 months and developed stages of group development.
- Cliques – small groups who interact frequently
- Crowds – larger groups of adolescents (or others) with similar identities or affiliations.
- Dyads – Pairs of close friends or lovers
- Stage 1: Cliques
likely to make friends with a group of girls (single sex group) - Stage 2: Crowd
Different cliques will start to interact with each other to form a crowd that has members of both genders - Stage 3: Dyads/Couples
Clique members of different genders may pair up in dyads / may start dating
Determents of liking
- Proximity – Physical closeness such as living close by, attending the same school, or working together so that there are regular or frequent meetings.
- Similarity – Mutual attraction, attitudes, values are common. Liking the same movies, food, music, clothes.
- Reciprocity – Knowing or thinking someone likes us is enough to make us attracted to them, for example, inviting us to their party, or being
pro-social
an act that indicates social regard and inclusiveness. pro-social behaviour must be helpful to the person being helped and should be selfless, little regard for own safety
anti-social
includes physical acts of violence or behaviours such as verbal abuse or social rejection. can also be subtle forms of behaviour such as withdrawal and refusal to share with others
gestures
A movement that can indicate a meaning or attitude. A wave is an example.
facial expression
a powerful form of non verbal communication, it is leant at a very young age. basic emotions are universal.
Physical distance
Communicating in a less obvious way
The distance people stand to each other depends on how well we know the person
touch and smell
Smell and appearance are also forms of communication
Assertive communication
Assertive communication involves honestly expressing opinions and feelings, in a way that does not infringe on the rights of others. It is not aggressiveness.
active listening
When you are actively listening to another person, you are engaged in the conversation and are genuinely interested in what he or she is saying. You ask questions, or restate the message you received to check your understanding.
hearing impairments and language delay impact
hearing impairment and autism.
working collabrotively
Communication is fundamental for working with others, either cooperatively or competitively.
habituation
is a decrease in attention when a stimuli is repeated
dishabituation
is when there is a renewal of a stimuli
Divided attention
when we are not fully focused on thing but several.
for example driving and texting
selective attention
highest level of consciousness. we are totally aware and focused on what we have selected to pay attention to. during this time we are oblivious to what is going on around us.
Beta waves
normal walking around
alpha waves
slower when in a mediative state
theta waves
slower then beta and alpha when in early stages of sleep
delta waves
slowest of them all. when in the deepest state of sleep
illusion
An illusion is a distortion of a sensory perception.
optical illusion
An optical illusion is characterized by visually perceived images that are deceptive or misleading.
Attention definition
is the concentration of awareness on some phenomenon to the exclusion of other stimuli.
