communication

Question 1

pro-social behaviour

Answer 1

an act that indicates social regard and inclusiveness. pro-social behaviour must be helpful to the person being helped and should be selfless, little regard for own safety.

Question 2

anti-social behaviour

Answer 2

includes physical acts of violence or behaviours such as verbal abuse or social rejection. can also be subtle forms of behaviour such as withdrawal and refusal to share with others

Question 3

Determinants of liking

Answer 3

1. Proximity – Physical closeness such as living close by, attending the same school, or working together so that there are regular or frequent meetings.
2. Similarity – Mutual attraction, attitudes, values are common. Liking the same movies, food, music, clothes.
3. Reciprocity – Knowing or thinking someone likes us is enough to make us attracted to them, for example, inviting us to their party, or being

Question 4

Dunphys Theory:

Answer 4

• Dexter Dunphy observed young people in various social settings for 6 months and developed stages of group development.

1. Cliques – small groups who interact frequently
2. Crowds – larger groups of adolescents (or others) with similar identities or affiliations.
3. Dyads – Pairs of close friends or lovers
4. Stage 1: Cliques
   likely to make friends with a group of girls (single sex group)
5. Stage 2: Crowd
   Different cliques will start to interact with each other to form a crowd that has members of both genders
6. Stage 3: Dyads/Couples
   Clique members of different genders may pair up in dyads / may start dating

Question 5

Howard Gardeners theory

Answer 5

Gardner proposed that everyone has 9 distinct intelligences of varying levels that are independent of each other.

1. Linguistic – use spoken and written language/ability to learn and use language
2. Logical/mathematical – ability to analyse/solve problems and think scientifically
3. Musical – Ability to perform and compose music, to appreciate rhythm, tone, pitch
4. Bodily(kinaesthetic) – use of body or its parts to solve problems, coordination
5. Spatial – Ability to use large and small spaces, to form and use visual images of objects
6. Interpersonal – ability to understand the intentions, desires and thoughts of others
7. Intrapersonal – ability to understand self and own thoughts, feelings and intentions
8. Naturalistic – nurturing and relating information to one’s natural surroundings classifying natural forms such as animal and plant species
9. Existential – ability to contemplate phenomena or questions beyond sensory data, such as the infinite and infinitesimal, spiritual or religious intelligence

Question 6

COMMUNICATION:

Answer 6

Assertive communication
involves honestly expressing opinions and feelings, in a way that does not infringe on the rights of others. It is not aggressiveness.

Actively listening
When you are actively listening to another person, you are engaged in the conversation and are genuinely interested in what he or she is saying. You ask questions, or restate the message you received to check your understanding.

Gesture
A movement that can indicate a meaning or attitude. A wave is an example.

facial expression
a powerful form of non verbal communication, it is leant at a very young age. basic emotions are universal.

Question 7

IQ tests

Answer 7

Alfred Binet- designed IQ test with help from Theodore Simon. IQ test was further developed by Lewis Terman
IQ=mental age/chronological age x 100

Lewis Terman adapted binet’s IQ scale and used it in ww1. they would use alpha tests on those you could literate adults and the beta was were those you could not understand English.

David weshler- attempted to minise the IQ tests being biased to native born English speakers.

to get a IQ you complete a performance and a verbal to get a full IQ test score.