Seizures Flashcards
What can cause a seizure? 6 cranial
Acidosis, hypoglycemia, hypoxia, withdrawal, Hypo/hyper naterimia, dehydration,
What can cause a seizure? 8 extracranial
Heart disease, lung disease, sepsis, diabetes, hypertension, autoimmune disorders, idopathic
What can cause a seizure just one to remember
infection
Brain scar tissue
Glosis
Stages of seizure
Prodromal, aural, Ictal, postictal
Prodromal phase of seizure 4 s/s
Feeling or sensation that one will happen. Mood disorders, tremor, HA
Aural
Aura it is beginning of ictal phase
Ictal
time between the beginning and end of seizure
Postictal
Post seizure
Two things different about general compared to focal
Loss of consciousness, involves both sides of brain
Typical absence seizures 5 and type
nonmotor, usually happens in kids, daydreaming look. EEG has a unique pattern 3Hz spike usually does not follow into adulthood. Generalized
Atypical absent seizures 6 and type
Staring spell, lip and eye movement, somewhat responsive, commonly longer than 10 seconds, gradual beginning and end, goes into adulthood. Generalized
Myoclonic seizure and type
Jerk of mm Generalized
Atonic seizure and type
fall to ground. can resume generalized
tonic 2 and time and type
stiff during sleep usually 20 seconds generalized
clonic and type 2
loss of consciousness and mm tone jerking generalized
Simple focal seizure 4
Remains aware, unusually feelings/sensations, sudden unexplained emotions, sensory hallucinations
Complex focal seizures 4 and time?
Altered/impaired awareness, dreamlike experience, Automatisms, amnesia of seizure. a few seconds.
Automatisms originate
temporal, frontal, limbic, paralimbic
any generalized tonic clonic seizure that was preceded by an aura….
is a focal
Status Epilepticus 3 things
the most serious complication of epilepsy (emergent) can involve anytime of seizure. A seizure lasting more than five mins, or set of reoccurring seizures in rapid succession without return to consciousness in between
What does status epilepticus cause? 5
Ventilatory insufficiency, hypoxemia, cardiac arrhythmias, hyperthermia acidosis, The brain needs more energy than what is supplied=brain damage
How to treat status epilepticus?
first rapid acting drugs-IV lorazepam or Diazepam ativan valium followed by long acting drugs.
SUDEP is? follows? plan-2?
Sudden unexplained death in epilepsy. Seizure. Person should wear seizure stuff, nurse stay with until conscious.
3 anti seizure drugs
Dilantin, tegretol, Depakote
Dilantin action? Teaching?
Reduces voltage frequency and spread of electrical impulses. gingival hyperplasia
Tegretol action? 3 issues?
Reduces synaptic reaction. WBC issues, visual issues, no grapefruit juice!
depakote 5 things
Hepatoxic, menstrual irregularities, weight gain, risk to fetus, lab work to make sure therapeutic.
Cannabidiol that works for seizures
Epidiolex
4 things to know about anti seizure drugs,
Don’t abruptly stop, diplopia, regularly, bone marrow suppression
tx for seizures one
Vagal nerve stimulation
