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Art > Section One Art Elements > Flashcards

Section One Art Elements Flashcards

0
Q

What do geometric forms convey?

A

A sense of order and stability

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1
Q

What is the difference between shape and form?

A

Shape is two dimensional and form is three dimensional

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2
Q

What do organic forms convey?

A

A sense of rhythm and movement

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3
Q

What is positive space?

A

The space occupied by objects, shapes and forms

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4
Q

What is negative space?

A

The space without objects, shapes and forms

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5
Q

How can artists create a sense of depth through use of the figures?

A

By putting an object higher on the picture makes the figure appear farther away

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6
Q

What is aerial perspective?

A

A technique that takes into account the ways that fog, smoke and airborne particles change the appearance of objects at a distance

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7
Q

What are the three primary colors?

A

Red, blue, yellow

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8
Q

What are the two variables that affect color?

A

The amount of reflected light and the purity of color

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9
Q

What does value refer to?

A

The lightness or darkness of a color

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10
Q

How are cool and warm colors determined?

A

By cultural context

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11
Q

What is local color?

A

The actual color of an object as seen in ordinary daylight

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12
Q

Wha is optical color?

A

The color that can be seen that is not the true color

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13
Q

What are two kinds of texture?

A

Actual and visual

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14
Q

What is an example of actual texture in art?

A

A collage, assemblage or mask

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15
Q

How are visual textures created?

A

Through the use of line patterns

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16
Q

What is composition?

A

The artist’s organization of the elements of art

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17
Q

What is rhythm?

A

A principle associated with movement or pattern through repetition which causes eye movement on a piece

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18
Q

What is a motif?

A

A single element of a pattern

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19
Q

What is a pattern?

A

The repetition of certain elements or motifs

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20
Q

What is balance

A

The equal distribution of visual weight in a work of art

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21
Q

What is symmetrical balance?

A

When an artist repeats elements of a composition on both sides of the central axis

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22
Q

What is approximate symmetry?

A

When shapes or objects are slightly varied on both sides of the central axis

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23
Q

What is asymmetrical balance?

A

A visual balance that is achieved through the organization of unlike objects

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24
Q

What is a focal point?

A

Where the eye tends to rest

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25
Q

The art from what region of Africa is treated differently from the rest of Africa?

A

The art of Sub-Saharan Africa

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26
Q

When were the Namibian cave paintings painted?

A

In 23,000 BC

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27
Q

When did the Nok civilization emerge?

A

In 500 BC

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28
Q

The art of the Nok civilization had an impact on later cultural African groups such as the?

A

Yoruba

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29
Q

What did the European colonists view African art as?

A

Pagan symbols that should be destroyed rather than preserved

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30
Q

What British raid destroyed countless treasures at the palace of the Benin King?

A

The 1897 raid

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31
Q

What three island groups make up most of Oceana?

A

Polynesia, Melanesia and Micronesia

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32
Q

What Oceanic tribe’s art relates to warfare?

A

The art of the Amat of Melanesia

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33
Q

Tattooing was sseen as an important way of expressing what in Polynesia?

A

Social stature

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34
Q

What is the most basic of art elements?

A

The Line

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35
Q

What do artists use lines for?

A

To express ideas or feelings visuallly

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36
Q

What do straight horizontal lines suggest?

A

A feeling of peace and tranquility

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37
Q

What do jagged horizontal lines suggest?

A

A sense of activity

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38
Q

What are the two main types of sculptures?

A

Freestanding and relief

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39
Q

What is high relief and low relief?

A

High relief is when the sculpture projects boldly from the surface while in low relief the sculpture only projects a small amount

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40
Q

What is another name for low relief?

A

Bas relief

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41
Q

When were mathematical techniques for creating the illusion of space developed?

A

During the Renaissance

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42
Q

What is hue?

A

The name of the color

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43
Q

What are the secondary colors?

A

Orange, green and violet

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44
Q

Who developed the underlying concepts for the color wheel?

A

Sir Isaac Newton

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45
Q

Why do colors have relative color?

A

Because their intensity varies on the color placed next to it

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46
Q

Hoc can artists balance a piece like a fulcrum?

A

By placing heavier objects closer to the center and lighter objects farther away

47
Q

When were the relationships of the various parts of the human face and body established?

A

By the Greeks during the Classical Period

48
Q

How high was the human figure determined to be by the ancient Greeks?

A

7 and 1/2 heads high

49
Q

What is proportion?

A

The size relationship among the parts of a composition

50
Q

What is scale?

A

The dimensional relation of parts of a work to the entirety

51
Q

Wheat is the most basic of art processing?

A

Drawing

52
Q

Artists use hatching and crosshatching for what?

A

To create the illusion of three-dimensionality

53
Q

What is stippling?

A

When an artist creates different values by making a pattern of dots

54
Q

What is printmaking?

A

A group of mechanically aided two-dimensional processes that permit the production of multiple original artworks

55
Q

What is relief painting?

A

Where the artist cuts away parts from the surface of the plate

56
Q

What is Intaglio printmaking?

A

Where lines are incised on a plate

57
Q

What are two processes used in Intaglio printmaking?

A

Engraving and etching

58
Q

What is lithography?

A

Where an image is drawn with a waxy pencil on a plate

59
Q

What is screen painting?

A

Whee an image is adhered to a fabric that has been stretched onto a frame

60
Q

During what revolution did printmaking become a medium for distributing images of social protest?

A

The Mexican Revolution

61
Q

Paint is composed of what three materials?

A

Pigments, binders and solvents

62
Q

What are frescoes usually used for?

A

Painting on walls and ceilings

63
Q

What is Tempera?

A

A water based paint that had been used as the earliest paints

64
Q

What are glazes?

A

Thin transparent or semi-transparent paints that can be applied over colors to alter the color slightly

65
Q

What are encaustics?

A

Wax-based paintings that were used in Egyptian grave markers

66
Q

What is Gouche?

A

A water based opaque paint that is of higher quality than tempera

67
Q

Acrylic paints are different from oils how?

A

They don’t need the application of several layers but they can’t achieve some of the subtleties of the oil paints

68
Q

What was the artists response to the development of photography?

A

To develop a higher degree of realism

69
Q

Sculpture is created in what four ways?

A

Carving, modeling, casting and construction

70
Q

What is carving?

A

A subtractive process in which some of the original material is removed

71
Q

What is modeling?

A

An additive process in which materials are added to the base material

72
Q

How is metal sculpture created?

A

From sheet metal or bent from wire

73
Q

What artist created sculptures that uses moving parts?

A

Alexander Clader

74
Q

What is environmental art known as?

A

Earthworks

75
Q

What is mixed media?

A

When an artist uses several art media in his work

76
Q

What two artists are known for works of mixed media?

A

Robert Rauschennberg and Joseph Cornell

77
Q

What is performance art?

A

When the artist engages in performance sometimes involving the viewers in a piece’s production

78
Q

What is pottery?

A

A medium based upon the use of natural material

79
Q

What tool has been used throughout the ages to make pottery?

A

The pottery wheel

80
Q

What is architecture?

A

The art and science of designing and constructing buildings

81
Q

What was an important architectural development?

A

The post and lintel construction

82
Q

What were three key architectural developments?

A

The arch, the vault and the dome

83
Q

What 1851 building was created out of mainly glass walls with a framework of slim iron rods?

A

The Crystal Palace

84
Q

What color is undiluted ink?

A

Opaque

85
Q

When did color pastels become popular?

A

In the 1700’s

86
Q

What are objects, shapes and forms in an artwork also known as?

A

The figure

87
Q

When white and black combine it creates a?

A

Continuim of grays

88
Q

What are the most intense colors?

A

The primary colors

89
Q

Warm colors appear to advance or recede to the viewer’s eyes?

A

Advance

90
Q

Cooler colors appear to advance or recede to the viewer?

A

Recede

91
Q

What color is undiluted ink?

A

Opaque

92
Q

The addition of what to ink makes it transparent?

A

Water

93
Q

When did colored pastels become popular?

A

In the 1700’s

94
Q

What is the major drawback to using pastels?

A

They are very fragile

95
Q

How can pastels be from smearing?

A

They are sprayed with a fixative

96
Q

What is a buon fresco?

A

AA true fresco

97
Q

What is a fresco secco?

A

When an artist applies paint to dry plaster

98
Q

How do you create a fresco?

A

Apply pure powdered pigments with water and applies them to a wet plaster ground

99
Q

When did oil paints become popular?

A

The 1400’s

100
Q

What does tempera use as a binder?

A

Egg

101
Q

What were grave markers in ancient Egypt painted with?

A

Encuastics

102
Q

What is the base for encaustic paints?

A

Wax

103
Q

What is the base of Gouache?

A

Water

104
Q

Does gouache dry faster than watercolor?

A

No

105
Q

What are the four basic ways sculpture is created?

A

Carving, modeling, casting, construction

106
Q

Is carving subtractive or additive?

A

Subtractive

107
Q

Is modeling additive or subtractive?

A

Additive

108
Q

Who created mobiles from forms suspended by wire which can be moved by wind or air currents?

A

Alexander Calder

109
Q

Who is credited with introducing the collage?

A

Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque

110
Q

Who filled open boxes with a variety of objects visualizing symbolic and metaphoric statements?

A

Joseph Cornell

111
Q

Where and when was glass first made?

A

In the Middle East in the 3rd millennium

112
Q

Who carved boxes and house boards with traditional designs?

A

Northwest Coast Indians

113
Q

What is the Crystal Palace?

A

1851 palace for the world’s fair in London held together of iron rods and glass walls

114
Q

Who created buildings of cut stone in Spain in the late 1880’s and early 1900’s?

A

Antonio Gaudi

Art (22 decks)

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