Fountain Flashcards
What his family’s relationship to art?
His maternal grandfather was a painter and engraver, his two older brothers Jacques Villion and Raymond Duchamp-Villion were professional artists, his sister Suzanne Duchamp-Crotti also became an artist
Where was Marcel Duchamp born?
In Upper Normandy
When was Marcel Duchamp enrolled in the Academia Julian?
From 1904 to 1905
What was Duchamp’s first important painting that demonstrates the influence of Cubism?
Nude Descending a Staircase No. 2
How did Duchamp make an early living with art?
By creating cartoons and humorous drawings for popular journals in Paris
How did Duchamp differ from Cubist works in his paintings?
He showed his figures in motion like in individual frames in movie
In 1913 where did Duchamp show Nude Descending a Staircase No. 2?
At the Armory Show in New York City
What was Duchamp’s goal for art?
To move away from the concept of art as an object of aesthetic pleasure and intended instead to put art back in the service of the mind
What was Duchamp’s first ready-made?
The Bicycle Wheel
Why was Duchamp unable to serve in the military during the Great War?
Because of a minor heart issue
When did Duchamp immigrate to New York?
In 1915
When did chess become a major preoccupation for Duchamp?
From the 1920’s
When did Duchamp die?
In October 1968
What did Duchamp use to make The Bicycle Wheel?
By combining a bicycle wheel and a stool
What artists was closely with Duchamp and his Dada movement in New York?
Man Ray AND Francis Picabia
What title in chess did Duchamp earn?
Chess master
What was Fountain?
A porcelain urinal signed R. Mutt 1917
How did Duchamp question the nature of a work of art?
By suggesting that the artists didn’t have to require any labor by the artists
Who photographed Fountain in 1917?
Alfred Stieglitz
What did Duchamp submit Fountain to?
The Society of Independent Artists
What was the goal of the Society of Independent Artists?
To host exhibitions showcasing the work of avante-garde artists
What journal was given over to the reactions to the Fountain?
Volume 2 of the Dada Journal entitled The Blind Man
What were two grounds for refusing Mr. Mutt’s foundation?
Some contend it was immoral, vulgar. Others it was plagiarism, a plain piece of plumbing
What was Duchamp known for by 1917?
His production of ready-makes
Why did Duchamp resign from his position of director as the Society of Independent Artists in 1917?
Do to the outage that his work wasn’t shown
What group do historians identify Duchamp?
The movement of Dada
When did Dada originate and when?
In Zurich, Switzerland in 1916
Who were some of the artists associated with Dada?
Tristan Tzara, Hugo Ball, Hannah Hoech and Francis Picabia
What was the reason for the name Dada?
The artists choose a word from the dictionary at random
Why did the artists of Dada reject reason and order and what did they replace it with?
In reaction to the horrors of World War One they embraced irrationality and nonsense
Why did many artists of the Dada movement live in Switzerland?
Because it was neutral during World War One
Where else did many Dada artists flee to instead of Switzerland flee to?
New York
What artists from the Dada movement went to New York instead of Switzerland during the war?
Duchamp and Picabia
Who did Pacabia and Duchamp meet in New York?
American photographer and painter Man Ray
What type of Duchamp’s works were the epitome of the anti-art Dada movement?
His ready makes
How many ready makes did Duchamp produced during his lifetime?
Around twenty
What ready make did Duchamp simply put his name on in 1915?
In Advance of the Broken Arm
What Dada journal brought attention to Duchamp’s Fountain?
The Blind Man
What work did Duchamp render useless by rearranging the pieces of the bicycle?
Bicycle Wheel in 1913
What were Duchamp’s first paintings as a teenager inspired by?
Impressionist landscapres
How was Duchamp’s works similar to Cubists?
By using their muted palatte
Why did Duchamp withdraw Nude Descending a Staircase for the Salon des Independents?
Because of the hypocrisy of rejection by an avant-garde group
How did Duchamp create Bicycle Wheel?
By putting the wheel upside down on the seat of the stool
Duchamp worked closely with artists from what movement other than Dada?
Surrealist artists
What was Duchamp’s position at the Society of Independent Artists in 1917?
Director of the exhibition
