Section 7 - The Reformation

Question 1

What was Simony?

Answer 1

When bishops and popes bribed people to elect them.

Question 2

What was Pluralism?

Answer 2

When bishops owned many dioceses.

Question 3

What was Absenteeism?

Answer 3

When bishops didn’t live in their diocese.

Question 4

Explain “Immoral Lives”.

Answer 4

Some popes had mistresses and fathered many children.

Question 5

Name a religious reformer.

Answer 5

Martin Luther

Question 6

Where was Martin Luther born?

Answer 6

In the german state of Saxony.

Question 7

In what university did Martin Luther study?

Answer 7

Luther studied law in Erfurt University.

Question 8

After he survived a thunderstorm, Luther joined an order of monks. Name this order.

Answer 8

The Augustinian Order.

Question 9

At what university did Luther become a professor?

Answer 9

The university of Wittenberg

Question 10

While teaching at the university of Wittenberg, what important event did Luther witness?

Answer 10

A friar came to town selling indulgences.

Question 11

After witnessing the friar sell indulgences, what did Luther do?

Answer 11

He wrote 95 theses and pinned them to the church door.

Question 12

Who was the pope of the church at the time?

Answer 12

Pope Leo X

Question 13

How did Pope Leo X react to Luther’s ideas?

Answer 13

Pope Leo X condemned Luther’s ideas and issued a papal bull to Luther.

Question 14

What happened at the Edict of worms?

Answer 14

Luther was declared a heretic and an outlaw.

Question 15

After Luther was condemned an outlaw he was in danger of being killed. Who saved him and how?

Answer 15

Frederick of Saxony brought Luther to Wartburg castle.

Question 16

What did Luther do at Wartburg castle?

Answer 16

He translated the bible into German.

Question 17

What helped Luther’s ideas to spread quickly?

Answer 17

The invention of the printing press by Gutenberg.

Question 18

Many people became followers of Luther. What were these people called?

Answer 18

Lutherans

Question 19

Mention 4 ways that Lutherans’ beliefs were different from those of the Catholic Church.

Answer 19

1) Lutherans believed that the only source of religious truth was the bible. Catholics believed that religious truth could be found in the traditions of the church as well as the bible.
2) Lutherans believed in Justification by faith alone. Catholics believed that good works as well as faith.
3) Lutherans believed there were 2 sacraments. Catholics believed there were 7.
4) Lutherans allowed priests to marry. Catholics did not.

Question 20

Name another religious reformer and say what they believed.

Answer 20

John Calvin believed that God has chosen those who would go to heaven and hell before they were born (Predestination). He set up the Presbyterian religion.

Question 21

Name an organisation involved in the Counter-Reformation.

Answer 21

The Jesuits

Question 22

Who set up the Jesuits?

Answer 22

St. Ignatius of Loyola

Question 23

What vows did Ignatius make the Jesuits follow?

Answer 23

A vow of poverty and not to marry.

Question 24

Describe the manner in which Ignatius ran the Jesuits.

Answer 24

With military discipline.

Question 25

Name the book that Ignatius wrote to instruct his followers how to act.

Answer 25

Spiritual exercises

Question 26

Mention 3 things the Jesuits did to stop the spread of Protestantism.

Answer 26

1) They restored Christianity to Southern German and Poland.
2) They built too class schools for the sons of nobles who would later influence society.
3) The built many churches.

Question 27

During the reformation who was the king of England?

Answer 27

King Henry VIII

Question 28

King Henry VIII broke with the church and made himself head of the church in England. Under what act did he do this?

Answer 28

The Act of Supremacy

Question 29

Explain how England became a Protestant state. Under whose rule did this happen?

Answer 29

Under the rule of Queen Elisabeth I, England became a Protestant state. She introduced Anglicanism (a mix of Christianity and Protestantism) to England. However the Pope encourage Catholics to rebel. Queen Elisabeth I then executed the Catholics and made England a Protestant state.

Question 30

What laws were introduced to Ireland to convert them to Protestantism?

Answer 30

The penal laws

Question 31

Why wasn’t Ireland converted to Protestantism?

Answer 31

Protestant missionaries couldn’t speak Irish.

Question 32

What part of Ireland did become Protestant and why?

Answer 32

Northern Ireland became Protestant as a result of the Ulster plantation of 1609.

Question 33

The reformation was caused by defects of the Catholic Church. Name 5 of them.

Answer 33

1) Simony
2) Pluralism
3) Absenteeism
4) Immoral Lives
5) Nepotism