Section 12 - The Cold War

Question 1

Explain 3 different factors which caused the Cold War.

Answer 1

1) Political Differences: USA was a capitalist country and allowed many political parties. USSR was a communist country and allowed only the communist government.
2) World Ambitions: Both countries wanted to expand power. The USA set up ‘friendly’ governments in many parts of the world. USSR set up communist governments in Eastern Europe e.g. Poland
3) Fear: Both countries feared that the other was trying to destroy it and take over the world.

Question 2

Explain what the Iron Curtain was.

Answer 2

When Russia drove the Nazis out of Eastern Europe they set up many pro-Russian communist governments. They did this to prevent attack form the west.

Question 3

What was the Truman doctrine?

Answer 3

In 1947 President Truman declared that he would offer help to any country fighting communism. Under the Truman doctrine countries such as Turkey and Greece received military aid.

Question 4

What was the Marshall plan?

Answer 4

George Marshall offered economic aid to European countries in the hope that it would reduce the popularity of communism.

Question 5

Name the 2 superpowers which emerged after WW2

Answer 5

1) USA - Truman

2) USSR - Stalin