Section 6 - The Age Of Exploration Flashcards
What was the name given to ships used for exploring?
Caravels
Name two features of caravels that made them good for exploring.
1) Square sails helped them to sail when the wind was at their back.
2) Triangular sails were helped Caravels to sail against the wind.
What were astrolabes and quadrants?
They were devices used to tell latitude of the caravel.
Name another device which aided navigation of ships.
A compass told sailers the direction they were heading.
Name a famous Portuguese explorer and say where he explored.
In 1489 Vasco da Gama travelled around Africa as far as present day Kenya, there he got an Arab pilot to bring him to Kolkata. Following his return to Portugal a regular trading route was set up between Portugal and India.
Name a famous Spanish explorer.
Christopher Columbus.
Where and when was Columbus born?
The Italian port of Genoa in 1451.
Who financed Columbus’s journey?
King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain.
In 1492 Columbus set sail from a Spanish port with 3 ships. Name the port and the ships.
Port - Palos
Ships - Santa Maria, Nina, Pinta
Name 2 locations Columbus explored on his first journey.
1) Jamaica
2) Cuba
How many voyages did Columbus make in total?
4
At what age did Columbus die?
55
Name one Spanish conquistador and the civilisation he conquered.
Pizarro conquered the Incas.
Where did the Incas live?
Present day Peru
Name two assets the Incas had.
Gold and silver.
How did the war between the Incas and Pizarro go down?
Pizarro killed the Incases’ God king and then took over their capital city of Cuzco. The Incas gave up nearly without a fight.
Give 3 effects that the age of exploration had on the Native People of conquered civilisations.
1) Their language and religion was suppressed. They were fixed to become Christians.
2) People were forced into slavery.
3) Many natives died from diseases brought by explorers.
Give 3 effects the age of exploration had in Europe.
1) Europe because wealthy from steeling goods such as gold and silver from the natives.
2) Since Europe became wealthier, the price of living increased (inflation). This made it difficult for poor people to live in Europe.
3) Many new goods such as spices from China and chocolate from America were introduced into the European market.
Why did people want to explore new sea routes (2 reasons)?
1) Trade with the East was profitable. The hostile Turkish empire blocked land routes.
2) Rulers of Spain and Portugal wanted to find new lands so as to get land, slaves, gold and spices.
3) Some rulers wanted to spread Christianity.
4) The Renaissance created a questioning spirt among people so they wanted to explore.
