Section 6 - The Age Of Exploration

Question 1

What was the name given to ships used for exploring?

Answer 1

Caravels

Question 2

Name two features of caravels that made them good for exploring.

Answer 2

1) Square sails helped them to sail when the wind was at their back.
2) Triangular sails were helped Caravels to sail against the wind.

Question 3

What were astrolabes and quadrants?

Answer 3

They were devices used to tell latitude of the caravel.

Question 4

Name another device which aided navigation of ships.

Answer 4

A compass told sailers the direction they were heading.

Question 5

Name a famous Portuguese explorer and say where he explored.

Answer 5

In 1489 Vasco da Gama travelled around Africa as far as present day Kenya, there he got an Arab pilot to bring him to Kolkata. Following his return to Portugal a regular trading route was set up between Portugal and India.

Question 6

Name a famous Spanish explorer.

Answer 6

Christopher Columbus.

Question 7

Where and when was Columbus born?

Answer 7

The Italian port of Genoa in 1451.

Question 8

Who financed Columbus’s journey?

Answer 8

King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain.

Question 9

In 1492 Columbus set sail from a Spanish port with 3 ships. Name the port and the ships.

Answer 9

Port - Palos

Ships - Santa Maria, Nina, Pinta

Question 10

Name 2 locations Columbus explored on his first journey.

Answer 10

1) Jamaica

2) Cuba

Question 11

How many voyages did Columbus make in total?

Answer 11

4

Question 12

At what age did Columbus die?

Answer 12

55

Question 13

Name one Spanish conquistador and the civilisation he conquered.

Answer 13

Pizarro conquered the Incas.

Question 14

Where did the Incas live?

Answer 14

Present day Peru

Question 15

Name two assets the Incas had.

Answer 15

Gold and silver.

Question 16

How did the war between the Incas and Pizarro go down?

Answer 16

Pizarro killed the Incases’ God king and then took over their capital city of Cuzco. The Incas gave up nearly without a fight.

Question 17

Give 3 effects that the age of exploration had on the Native People of conquered civilisations.

Answer 17

1) Their language and religion was suppressed. They were fixed to become Christians.
2) People were forced into slavery.
3) Many natives died from diseases brought by explorers.

Question 18

Give 3 effects the age of exploration had in Europe.

Answer 18

1) Europe because wealthy from steeling goods such as gold and silver from the natives.
2) Since Europe became wealthier, the price of living increased (inflation). This made it difficult for poor people to live in Europe.
3) Many new goods such as spices from China and chocolate from America were introduced into the European market.

Question 19

Why did people want to explore new sea routes (2 reasons)?

Answer 19

1) Trade with the East was profitable. The hostile Turkish empire blocked land routes.
2) Rulers of Spain and Portugal wanted to find new lands so as to get land, slaves, gold and spices.
3) Some rulers wanted to spread Christianity.
4) The Renaissance created a questioning spirt among people so they wanted to explore.