Section 15 Flashcards
most important factor contributing to patient mortality in TCA toxicity
Cyclic antidepressant–induced cardiotoxicity
most frequent dysrhythmia noted in cyclic antidepressant toxicity; bupropion; SNRI; MAOI
Sinus tachycardia
most common symptom reported after cyclic antidepressant exposure
Altered mental status
most potent sodium channel blocker among the cyclic antidepressants
desipramine
most frequently reported cardiovascular abnormality in trazodone
Orthostatic hypotension
most common ECG abnormality in trazodone
moderate prolongation of the QT interval
Most common form of pharmacotherapy for depression
SSRIs
associated with the highest incidence of seizures among the SSRIs.
Citalopram
most serious drug-related adverse effect of SSRI psychopharmacotherapy
Serotonin syndrome
drug class most commonly associated with serotonin syndrome.
antidepressant
most common cause of death in serotonin syndrome
severe hyperthermia
Most common cardiovascular manifestations of antipsychotic overdose
tachycardia and orthostatis hypotension
antipsychotics with highest rate of QT prolongation
amisulpride and thioridazine
antipsychotics with highest development of type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic ketoacidosis
olanzapine
most common disorder creating diagnostic confusion is serotonin syndrome
NMS
most prevalent endocrine dysfunction of chronic lithium therapy
hypothyroidism
most common class of antiepileptic drugs used in developing countries
Barbiturates
most common alcohols ingested
Ethanol and isopropanol
most frequently used and abused drug in the world.
Ethanol
Most frequently cited causes of death of MDMA
hyperthermia and hyponatremia
the most common cause of an osmolar gap on serum electrolyte analysis
Ethanol ingestion
most commonly sold as raw cactus or “buttons,”
peyote
most common agent currently reported in NSAID overdoses
ibuprofen
most common in acute overdose in methylxanthine toxicity
Hypokalemia
most common cardiac manifestation of both caffeine and theophylline use and toxicity
sinus tachycardia
most common effects of nicotine overuse
nausea and vomiting
earlies manifestation of Acute digoxin toxicity
Nausea, vomiting, anorexia, and vague abdominal pain
Most common arrhythmias in digoxin toxicity
premature ventricular contractions and bradycardic rhythms
hallmark of severe toxicity in beta blockers
bradycardia with shock
most common physiologic abnormality after overdose of CCB
Hypotension
most serious clinical manifestation in overdose in Spironolactone and Eplerenone
Hyperkalemia and hypotension
most typical adverse effect observed usually within 30 to 90 minutes after ingestion in doxazosin, prazosin, and terazosin (a1 adrenergic antagonist)
Orthostatic hypotension
most commonly used α2-adrenergic agonist; primary indication for rebound hypertension
Clonidine
most consequential adverse effect associated with ACEIs and ARBs
angioedema
most frequent sign of acute valproic toxicity
CNS depression
clinical sign most consistently associated with acute iron toxicity
vomiting
most important factor guiding the decision to terminate deferoxamine therapy because measured iron levels are artificially depressed by the presence of deferoxamine and urine color change can be unreliable
clinical recovery of patient
Most common radiologic finding in hydrocarbon pulmonary toxicity
bilateral infiltrates at the bases more common to be multilobar and to the right
Most worrisome acute complication found in solvent abusers (hydrocarbons) is
sudden sniffing death syndrome
Most common household alkali
bleach
most common overdose that produces anticholinergic toxicity.
Antihistamine (particularly diphenhydramine) overdose
most clinically significant cases of human metal poisoning
Lead and mercury
most clinically significant toxic metalloid
Arsenic
most common causes of death in arsenic poisoning
Hypotension and dysrhythmias
most active form of vitamin D
d-α-tocopherol
Most common adverse reaction to macrolide
Gi distress
local anesthetic most commonly associated with methemoglobinemia
Benzocaine
