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OB/GYN 1 > Section 1 key terms > Flashcards

Section 1 key terms Flashcards

1
Q

mons pubis, labia majora, minora, clitoris, urethral opening and vestibule of the vagina

A

External genitalia

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2
Q

pelvis above the rim, communicates with the abdominal cavity

A

False pelvis

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3
Q

lesser pelvis, area below the pelvic brim, considered the pelvic cavity

A

True pelvis

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4
Q

the true pelvis is considered the

A

Pelvic cavity

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5
Q

helps form the posterolateral wall of the pelvic cavity

A

Coccygeus muscles

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6
Q

join with the psoas major muscles to form the iliopsoas muscles

A

Iliacus muscle

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7
Q

line separating the true and false pelvis, passes the superior border of the sacrum to the superior margin of the pubic symphysis

A

Ilipectineal line

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8
Q

forms the pelvic floor along with the coccygeus muscle, stretches across the pelvic cavity like a hammock

A

Levator ani

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9
Q

triangular sheet of muscle that arises from the anterolateral pelvic wall and surrounds the obturator foramen, serves to rotate and abduct he thigh

A

Obtuator internus muscle

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10
Q

flat pyramid muscle arising from the anterior sacrum, passing through the greater sciatic notch to insert into the superior aspect of the greater trochanter of the femur, serves to rotate and abduct the thigh

A

Piriformis muscle

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11
Q

paired muscle that originates at the transverse process of the lumbar vertebrae and extends inferiorly through the false pelvis on the pelvic sidewall where it unites with the iliacus muscle to form the iliopsoas muscle before inserting into the lesser trochanter of the femur, serves to flex the thigh toward the pelvis

A

Psoas major muscle

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12
Q

parallel longitudinal lines commonly seen in the muscle tissue when imaged sonographically, appear as hyperechoic parallel lines running in long axis of the muscle tissue

A

Striations

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13
Q

postion of the uterus when the uterus is tipped slightly forward so that the cervix forms a 90 angle of less with the vaginal canal

A

Anteverted

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14
Q

position of the uterus when the uterine fundus bends forward toward the cervix

A

Anteflexed

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15
Q

double fold of peritoneum that drapes over the fallopian tubes, uterus and ovaries

A

Broad ligament

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16
Q

continuation of the broad ligament that extends across the pelvic floor laterally, helps fix the cervix in position

A

Cardinal ligament

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17
Q

steroidal hormone secreted by the ovarian follicle that stimulates the development of the female reproductive structures and secondary sexual characteristics. Promotes the growth of endometrial tissue during proliferative phase

A

Estrogen

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18
Q

portion of the broad ligament that encloses the fallopian tubes

A

Mesosalpinx

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19
Q

paired ligament that extends from the inferior/medial pole of the ovary to the unterine cornua

A

Ovarian ligament

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20
Q

female egg

A

Ovum

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21
Q

serous membrane that envelopes the uterus

A

Perimetrium

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22
Q

hormone secreted by the corpus luteum that helps prepare and maintain the endometrium for the arrival and implantation of an embryo

A

Progesterone

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23
Q

pouch of douglas, area between the rectum and the uterus where free fluid can collect

A

Rectouterine pouch

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24
Q

postion of uterus when uterine fundus bends posteriorly upon the cervix

A

Retroflexed

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25
Q

postion of the uterus when the fundus is tipped posteriorly

A

Retroverted

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26
Q

pairs ligaments tht originate at the uterine cornua, anterior to the fallopian tubes and course anteriolaterally withing the broad ligament to insert into the fascia of the labia majora

A

Round ligament

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27
Q

loacted between the anterior bladder wall and the pubic symphysis, contains extra peritoneal fat

A

Space of retzius

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28
Q

paired ligament that extends from the infundibulum of the fallopian tube and lateral aspect of the ovary to the lateral pelvic wall

A

Suspensory ligament

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29
Q

posterior portion of the cardinal ligament that extends from the cervix to the sacrum

A

Uterosacral ligament

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30
Q

pouch formed by the deflection of the peritoneum from the bladder to the uterus

A

Vesicouterine pouch

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31
Q

yellow body formed from the graafian follicle after ovulation that produces estrogen and progesteron

A

Corpus luteum

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32
Q

having no menstrual cycle

A

Amenorhhea

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33
Q

painful menstruation

A

Dysmenorrhea

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34
Q

hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland that stimulates the frowth and maturation of graafian follicles in the ovary

A

FSH-follicle stimulating hormone

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35
Q

hormonal substance that stimulates the function of the testes and ovaries

A

Gonadotropin

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36
Q

Hormone secreted by the hypothalamus that stimulates the release of follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone by the anterior pituitary gland

A

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone

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37
Q

hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland that stimulates ovulatoin and then induces luteinization of the ruptured follicle to form the corpus luteum

A

Luteinizing hormone

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38
Q

refers to the onset of menstruation and the commencement of the cyclic mentrual function, usually occurs between 11 and 13 years of age

A

Menarche

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39
Q

period when menstruation stops

A

Menopause

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40
Q

periodic flow of blood and cellular dibris that occurs during menstruation

A

Menses

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41
Q

abnormally heavy or long menstrual periods

A

Menorrhagia

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42
Q

abnormally light menstrual periods

A

Oligomenorrhea

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43
Q

period before menstruation begins

A

Premenarche

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44
Q

structure or tissue next to or near another structure

A

Adenexa

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45
Q

horizontal plane through the longitudinal axis of the body to image structures from anterior to posterior

A

Coronal plane

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46
Q

inner layer of the usterus

A

Endometrium

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47
Q

an opening or entrance into a canal or cavity

A

Introitis

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48
Q

middle layer of the uterus

A

Myometrium

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49
Q

number of live births

A

Parity

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50
Q

across or through the labia

A

Translabial

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51
Q

across or through the perineum

A

Transperineal

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52
Q

projection like a horn,

A

Cornu

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53
Q

small vessels found along the periphery of the uterus

A

Arcuate vessels

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54
Q

inner surface of the cervical os

A

Internal os

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55
Q

doppler measurement that takes the peak systole minus the peak diastole divided by the peak systole

A

Pourcelot resistive index

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56
Q

days 5-9 of the menstrual cycle, endometrium appears as a single thin stripe with hypoechoic halo encompassing it creates the 3 line sign

A

Proliferative phase early

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57
Q

days 10-14 of menstrual cycle, ovulation occurs, endometrium increases in thickness and echogenicity

A

Proliferative phase late

58
Q

dopple measurement that uses peak systole minus peak diastole divided by the mean

A

Pulsatility index

59
Q

days 15-28 of the menstrual cycle, the endometrium is at its greatest thickness and echogenicity with posterior inhancement

A

Secretory phase

60
Q

technique that uses a catheter inserted into the endometrial cavity with the instillation of saline solution of contrast medium to fill the endometrial cacity for purpose of demonstrating abnormalities within the cavity or uterine tubes

A

Sonohysterography

61
Q

doppler determination of peak systole velocity divided by peak dystole velocity

A

S/D ratio

62
Q

hyperplastic protrusion of the epithelium of the cervix, may be broad based of pedunculated

A

Cervical polyp

63
Q

obstruction of the cervix

A

Cervical stenosis

64
Q

painful menstruation

A

Dysmenorrhea

65
Q

portoin of the canal of the uterine cervix that is lined with squamous epithelium

A

Ectocervix

66
Q

pregnancy occurring outside the uterine cavity

A

Ectopic pregnancy

67
Q

cysts found in the vagina

A

Gartners duct cyst

68
Q

benign cysts within the cervix

A

Nabothian cysts

69
Q

most common type of cervical cancer

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

70
Q

benign invasive growth of the endometrium that may cause heavy painful menstrual bleeding

A

Adenomyosis

71
Q

scraping with a curet to remove the contents of the uterus

A

Curettage

72
Q

irregular acyclic bleeding, abnormal discharge

A

Metrorrhea

73
Q

fibroid contained in the myometrium

A

Intramural fibroid

74
Q

fibroid displacing or sitorting the endometrial caivty

A

Submucosal fibroid

75
Q

fibroid projecting from the surface of the uterus

A

Subserosal fibroid

76
Q

malignancy characterized by abnormal thickening of the endometrial cavity, usually presents with irregular bleeding in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women

A

Endometrial carcinoma

77
Q

benign condition that results from estrogen stimulation to the endometrium without the influence of progestin

A

Endometrial hyperplasia

78
Q

pedunculated or sessile well defined mass attached to the endometrial cavity

A

Endometrial polyp

79
Q

condition that occurs when functioning endometrial tissue invades sites outside the uterus

A

Endometriosis

80
Q

obstruction of the uterus or vagina characterized by blood

A

Hematometra

81
Q

obstruction of the uterus or vagina characterized by fluid

A

Hydormetra

82
Q

obstruction of the uterus or vagina characterized by pus

A

Pyometra

83
Q

antiextrogen drug used in treating some carcinomas of the breast

A

Tamoxifen

84
Q

substance that stimulates the development of male characteristics such as hormones testosterone and androsterone

A

Androgen

85
Q

malignant tumor that forms cysts

A

Cystadenocarcinoma

86
Q

benign adenoma containing cysts

A

Cystadenoma

87
Q

small endocrine structure that develops within a ruptured ovarian follicle and secretes progesterone and estrogen to prevent menses should fertilization occur

A

Corpus luteum cyst

88
Q

benign tumor composed of hair, muscle, teeth and fat

A

Dermoid tumor

89
Q

benign cyst within the ovary that may occur and disappear on a cyclic basis

A

Follicular cyst

90
Q

cyst resulting from the normal function of the ovary

A

Functional cyst

91
Q

benign tumor of the ovary associated with ascites and pleural effusion

A

Meigs syndrome

92
Q

benign tumor of the ovary that contains thin-walled multilocular cysts

A

Mucinous cystadenoma

93
Q

malignant tumor of the ovary with multilocular cysts

A

Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma

94
Q

malignant tumor of the ovary that may spread beyond the ovary and metastasize to another organ vis peritoneal channels

A

Ovarian carcinoma

95
Q

partial or complete rotation of the ovarian pedicle on its axis

A

Ovarian torsion

96
Q

cystic structure that lies adjacent to the ovary

A

Paraovarian cyst

97
Q

endocrine disorder associated with chronic anovulatoin

A

Polycystic ovarian syndrome

98
Q

second most common benign tumor of the ovary, unilocular or multilocular

A

Serous cystadenoma

99
Q

most common type of ovarian carcinoma may be bilateral with multilocular cysts

A

Serous cystadenocarcinoma

100
Q

multilocular cysts that occur in patients with hyperstimulation

A

Theca-lutein cyst

101
Q

organism that causes a great variety of diseases, including genital infections in men and women

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

102
Q

localized tumor of endometriosis most frequently found in the ovary, cul-de-sac, rectovaginal septum and peritoneal surface of the posterior wall of the uterus

A

Endometrioma

103
Q

infection within the endometrium of the uterus

A

Endometritis

104
Q

fluid within the fallopian tube

A

Hydrosalpinx

105
Q

pus within the fallopian tube

A

Pyosalpinx

106
Q

infection within the myometrium of the uterus

A

Myometritis

107
Q

infection within the ovary

A

Oophoritis

108
Q

infection within the uterine serosa and broad ligaments

A

Parametritis

109
Q

infection within the fallopian tubes

A

Salpingitis

110
Q

infection that involves the fallopian tube and ovary

A

Tubal ovarian abcess

111
Q

technique that follows IVF in which the fertilized ova are injected into the uterus through the cervix

A

Embryo transfer

112
Q

zygote intrafallopian transfer, zygotes are placed in the fallopian tubes

A

ZIFT

113
Q

Gamete intrafallopian transfer, sperm and eggs are just mixed together before being inserted and, with luck, one of the eggs will become fertilized inside the fallopian tubes

A

GIFT

114
Q

invitro fertilization -method of fertilizing the human ova outside the body

A

IVF

115
Q

syndrome that present sonographically as enlarged ovaries with multiple cysts, abdominal acites and pleural effusions, often seen in patients who have undergone ovulation induction following the administration of FSH of GnRH analogue followed by hCG

A

OHSS-Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome

116
Q

introduction of sperm into the uterus by mechanical or instrumental means rather than by sexual intercourse

A

Intrauterine insemination

117
Q

controlled ovarian stimulation with clomiphene citrate or parenterally administrated gonadotropins

A

Ovulation induction therapy

118
Q

paraguard, mirena, copper 7, tatum T, progestart, lippes loop

A

IUD-types

119
Q

across or though the vagina

A

Transvaginal

120
Q

remove sterile probe cover, wipe transducer clean, wiped clean with a disinfectant and dried with a clean towel, soaked in a disinfectant for 20 min (always were gloves and eye protection)

A

Probe disinfecting

121
Q

2 cm cuff that is left after a hysterectony

A

Vaginal cuff

122
Q

all inclusive term for all pelvic infections

A

Pelvic inflammatory disease PID

123
Q

germ cell tumors derived from primitive germ cells of embryonic gonad, elevated AFP-hCG, 85% solid

A

Germ cell ovarian cancer

124
Q

Fibroid that appears as extrauterine masses, attached via a stem like structure

A

Pedunculated fibroids

125
Q

uterus turned to the right

A

Dextroverted/detroflexed

126
Q

overgrowths of endometrial tissue covered by epithelium

A

Endometrial polyps

127
Q

thickening of the myometrium, develops from unopposed estrogen stimulation

A

Uterine hyperplasia

128
Q

scraping with a curette to remove the contents of the uterus

A

D & C

129
Q

two uterus organs

A

Didelphys uterus

130
Q

two horned uterus

A

Bicornate uterus

131
Q

having 2 endometrial cavities

A

Septate uterus

132
Q

congentital uterine anomaly caused by exposure to DES in utero, no known treatment

A

T-shaped uterus

133
Q

1 in 3

A

% of American couples who are infertile

134
Q

fimbrae, infundibulum, ampulla, isthmus and interstitial portion

A

Segments of fallopian tubes

135
Q

uterus and upper third of the vagina are derived from these embryonic ducts

A

Mullarien ducts

136
Q

sonographic appearance of the endometrium during the proliferative phase

A

Three line sign

137
Q

outermost layer of the endometrium that is shed during menstruation

A

Functional layer

138
Q

inner layer of the endometrium that helps to regenerate the functional layer

A

Basal layer

139
Q

the life cycle that will rupture during ovulation and release the ovum and then the phases to follow to support a fertilized egg and start producing a new follicle

A

Ovarian cycle

140
Q

is characterised by an expanded fluid filled vaginal cavity with associated distention of the uterine cavity. It may present in infancy with a lower abdominal mass, or be delayed till menarche

A

Hydrometrocolpos

OB/GYN 1 (31 decks)

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