40 workbook ex 4

Question 1

The full bladder ________the bowel and its contained gas from the field of view and ________ the anteflexed uterus slightly so that it is more perpendicular to the transducer angle

Answer 1

displaces

flattens

Question 2

the bladder shape may be helpful because a well distended bladder typically has a a ________or elongated shape on midline scans

Answer 2

triangular

Question 3

the _______vessels can be used as a landmark to identify the lateral adnexal borders

Answer 3

iliac

Question 4

if pathology is present, documentation of the _________(morrisons pouch and subprenic area) and bilateral______areas must be obtained

Answer 4

upper quadrant

renal

Question 5

in transvaginal scanning, it is necessary to adcance the transducer slightly, angling _______to visualize the fundus and to withdraw slightly away form the external os while angling _________ to see the cervix and the rectouterine recess

Answer 5

anterior

posterior

Question 6

these measurments of the uterus and ovaries should be documented_______,__________,and __________

Answer 6

length

width

axial

Question 7

the thickness of the endometrium should be measured in the ________plane

Answer 7

sagital

Question 8

pelvic muscles may be mistaken for ovaries, fluid collections or masses. A _________bilateral arrangement indicates that they are muscles

Answer 8

symetric

Question 9

sonographically sections of the __________muscle are seen at the posterior lateral corners of the bladder at the level of the vagina and cervix

Answer 9

obturator internus

Question 10

the muscle that is best visualized sonographically in a transverse plane with caudal angulation at the most inferior aspect of the bladder is the __________muscle

Answer 10

levator ani

Question 11

the muscles that are located on either side of the midline posterior to the upper half of the uterine body and fundus are the ______muscles

Answer 11

piriformis

Question 12

to assess the uterine vessels the sonographer interrogates just ________to the cervix and lower uterine segment at the level of the internal os

Answer 12

lateral

Question 13

a __________, highly resistive flow pattern in the ovary is shown during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle

Answer 13

low velocity

Question 14

at ovulation the maximum velocity increases and the R1 ___________

Answer 14

decreases

Question 15

the middle uterine layer is the ________of the uterus, this layer should have a homogeneous echotexture with smooth walled borders

Answer 15

myometrium

Question 16

the __________of the uterus is hypoechoic and surrounds the relatively echogenic endometrial strip creating a subendometrial halo

Answer 16

endometrium

Question 17

calcifications may be seen in the ________arteries in post menapausal womwn and appear as peripheral linear echoes with shadowing

Answer 17

arcuate

Question 18

the body of the uterus is separated from the cervix by the isthmus at the lever of the ______and is identified by narrowing of the canal

Answer 18

internal os

Question 19

the axis of the uterine body relative to the cervix is referred to as the _________whereas the _______refers to the axis of the cervix relative to the vagina

Answer 19

flexion

version

Question 20

the best way to measure the cervical fundal dimension of the uterus in the longitudinal plane is the _________technique

Answer 20

transabdominal

Question 21

during menstruation (days 1-4) the __________canal appears as a hypoechoic central line representing blood and tissue reaching 4-8 mm, including the basal layer in this measurement

Answer 21

endometrial

Question 22

as menses progress (days 3-7) the hypoechoic echo that represented the blood disappears, and the endometrial strip is a descrete thin __________line that is usually only 2-3 mm long

Answer 22

hyperechoic

Question 23

in early proliferative phase (days 5-9) the endometrial canal appears as a ________stripe

Answer 23

single thin

Question 24

the layer that is seen as a hyperechoic halo is encompassing the stripe is the __________layer

Answer 24

funtionalis

Question 25

the layer of the endometrium that represents the tine surrounding hyperechoic outermost echo is the_________layer

Answer 25

basalis

Question 26

during the ________phase (days 15-28) the endometrium is at its greatest thickness and echogenicity with posterior inhancement

Answer 26

secretory

Question 27

sonographically the postmenopausal endometrial complex is seen as a thin _________line measuring less than 8mm unless a hormone regimen in being followed

Answer 27

echogenic

Question 28

if tubes are distended with or surrounded by a sufficient amount of _______ they can be easliy outlines by the contrasting fluid

Answer 28

fluid

Question 29

typically the ovary is located just ________to the uterus and ________to the internal iliac vessels, which can be used as a landmark to localize the ovary

Answer 29

lateral

anteromedial

Question 30

the best sonographic marker for the ovary is identification of a __________which has the classic appearance of being a thin walled anechoic with through transmission posteriorly

Answer 30

follicular cyst

Question 31

the posterior cul-de-sac or __________is the most posterior and inferior reflection of the peritoneal cavity

it is located between the rectom and the vagina and is alos known as the pouch of Douglas

Answer 31

rectouterine

Question 32

___________involves the instillation of sterile saline solution into the endometrial cavity

Answer 32

sonohysterography