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Vascular Board > Section 1 Arterial Eval > Flashcards

Section 1 Arterial Eval Flashcards

1
Q

What is the first branch of the aortic arch

A

Coronary artery

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2
Q

What are the 3 branches of the aortic arch

A

1) Innominate/brachiocephalic
2) left common carotid
3) left subclavian artery

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3
Q

What is another name for the innominate artery

A

Brachiocephalic

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4
Q

The innominate artery divides into

A

1) right common carotid
2) subclavian artery

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5
Q

The innominate artery arises on what side
A) right
B) left

A

A) right

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6
Q

What upper extremity artery runs lateral to outer border of 1st rib becoming the axillary artery

A

Subclavian artery

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7
Q

The axillary artery becomes

A

The brachial artery

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8
Q

What artery arches above the clavicle in front is the apex of lung and behind the scalenus anterior muscle

A

Subclavian artery

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9
Q

The brachial artery branches into what 2 arteries

A

1) radial
2) ulnar

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10
Q

What artery travels down the lateral side of the forearm into the hand

A

Radial

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11
Q

The radial artery branches to form the

A

Superficial palmar (volar) arch

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12
Q

What is another name for palmar

A

Volar

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13
Q

The radial artery terminated in ______ ______ arch by joining deep branch of the ulnar artery

A

Deep palmar

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14
Q

What artery travels down the medial side of the forearm into the hand

A

Ulnar artery

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15
Q

The ulnar artery branches into the

A

Deep palmar branch

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16
Q

The ulnar artery terminates into

A

The superficial palmar arch

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17
Q

What upper extremity artery is the predominate source of blood flow to the hand

A

Ulnar

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18
Q

The superficial palmar arch includes

A

1) distal portion of the ulnar artery
2) branch of the radial artery

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19
Q

The deep palmar arch includes

A

1) deep palmar branch of ulnar artery
2) distal portion of the radial artery

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20
Q

Name the 4 visceral branches of the aortic arch

A

1) celiac artery
2) SMA
3) renal arteries
4) IMA

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21
Q

What visceral branch supplies the stomach, liver, pancreas, duodenum, and spleen

A

Celiac artery

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22
Q

Name the 3 branches of the celiac artery

A

1) left gastric artery
2) splenic artery
3) common hepatic artery

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23
Q

What visceral branch supplies the small intestine, cecum, and part of colon

A

SMA

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24
Q

This artery is located about 1 cm behind the celiac artery

A

SMA

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25
Q

What visceral branch supplies blood to the kidneys, suprarenal glands and ureter

A

Renal arteries

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26
Q

What visceral branch supplies the transverse, descending colon and part of rectum

A

IMA

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27
Q

This visceral branch arises from the abdominal aorta about 3-4 cm above bifurcation

A

IMA

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28
Q

What terminal branch of the aorta is the most distal carrying blood to the pelvis, abdominal wall and lower limbs

A

Common iliac arteries

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29
Q

The common iliac arteries divide into

A

1) internal iliac artery
2) external iliac artery

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30
Q

The internal iliac artery further divided into the

A

1) parietal branch
2) visceral branch

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31
Q

What is another name for the internal iliac artery

A

Hypogastric

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32
Q

What artery travels along the medial side of the psoas major muscle

A

External iliac artery

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33
Q

The external iliac artery passes underneath the inguinal ligament to become the

A

CFA

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34
Q

The common femoral artery (CFA) divides into

A

1) superficial femoral artery
2) deep femoral artery

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35
Q

What is another name for the superficial femoral artery

A

Femoral artery

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36
Q

What lower extremity artery runs the length of the thigh passing through an opening in the tendon of the adductor hiatus

A

SFA

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37
Q

What are 2 other names for the adductor hiatus

A

1) adductor canal
2) hunters canal

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38
Q

What lower extremity artery enters the popliteal fossa behind the knee

A

SFA

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39
Q

What is another name for the deep femoral artery

A

Profunda femoris

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40
Q

What lower extremity artery arises 5 cm from the inguinal ligament on the lateral side

A

Deep femoral artery

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41
Q

The _______ _______ is the termination of the SFA and beginning of the popliteal artery

A

Adductor hiatus

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42
Q

What artery is at an interval between the tibia and fibula

A

Popliteal artery

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43
Q

The popliteal artery divides into the

A

Anterior and posterior tibial arteries

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44
Q

What is the first branch off the distal popliteal artery

A

Anterior tibial (ATA)

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45
Q

At its lower end the ATA becomes the

A

dorsalis pedis artery DPA

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46
Q

The major branch of the DPA is

A

Deep plantar artery

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47
Q

What artery penetrates the sole of the foot as it unites with the lateral plantar artery to complete the plantar arch

A

DPA

48
Q

What lower extremity artery extends obliquely down the posterior/medial side of the leg

A

Posterior tibial artery (PTA)

49
Q

What is the largest branch of the PTA

A

Peroneal artery

50
Q

__________ trunk is the short segment between the ATA branch and branches of the PTA and peroneal arteries

A

Tibioperoneal

51
Q

What lower extremity artery passes toward the fibula traveling down the medial side of the bone to supply structures of the lateral side of the leg/foot

A

Peroneal artery

52
Q

The ______ and ________ metatarsals distribute blood to the digits

A

Plantar, dorsal

53
Q

_______ transport gases,nutrients, and other essential substances to the capillaries

A

Arteries

54
Q

At the _______ level, nutrients and waste products are exchanged between the tissue and blood

A

Capillary

55
Q

_______ are considered resistance vessels

A

Arterioles

56
Q

__________ assist with regulating blood flow through contraction and relaxation

A

Arterioles

57
Q

Name the 3 layers of the arterial wall from inner to outer

A

1) tunica intima
2) tunica media
3) tunica externa

58
Q

The inner most layer of the arterial wall is the

A

Tunica intima

59
Q

What layer of the arterial wall is thin, consisting of a surface layer of smooth endothelium, base membrane and connective tissue

A

Tunica intima

60
Q

What layer of the arterial wall is thicker, composed of smoothe muscle and connective tissue largely the elastic type

A

Tunica media

61
Q

What is the outer most layer of the arterial wall

A

Tunica externa

62
Q

What is another name for the tunica externa

A

Adventitia

63
Q

What layer of the arterial wall is somewhat thinner than the media, containing fibrous connective tissue and some muscle fibers

A

Tunica externa

64
Q

The ______ layer contains vasa vasorum, tiny vessels that carry blood to the walls of the larger arteries

A

Adventitial

65
Q

The dorsalis pedis is a continuation of which of the following arteries

A) ATA
B) PTA
C) Peroneal artery
D) popliteal artery

A

A) ATA

66
Q

Which of the following vessels joins the brachial veins to form the axillary vein

A) subclavian vein
B) innominate vein
C) cephalic vein
D) basilic vein

A

D) basilic vein

67
Q

The major function of the vasa vasorum is to

A) regulate vasodilation of the Arterioles
B) provide nourishment to the tunica adventitia
C) provide the major communication in AVFs
D) provide auto regulation of blood flow to the brain

A

B) provide nourishment to the tunica adventitia

68
Q

At the inguinal ligament, the external iliac artery becomes what peripheral artery

A) internal iliac artery
B) profunda femoral artery
C) common femoral artery
D) superficial femoral artery

A

C) common femoral artery

69
Q

Which of the following vessels courses along the medial aspect of the psoas muscle

A) internal iliac artery
B) external iliac artery
C) femoral artery
D) IMA

A

B) external iliac artery

70
Q

Which of the following is not a branch of the subclavian artery

A) vertebral artery
B) thyrocervical trunk
C) internal mammary artery
D) brachial artery

A

D) brachial artery

71
Q

The brachiocephalic vein is found

A) only on the right side of the neck
B) only on the left side of the neck
C) on both the right and left sides of the neck
D) there is no such vein

A

C) on both the right and left sides of the neck

72
Q

The renal arteries arise from the abdominal aorta approx 1 cm below the

A) IMA
B) left gastric artery
C) celiac trunk
D) SMA

A

SMA

73
Q

The right and left vertebral arteries originate from what artery

A

Subclavian

74
Q

The ________ ________ artery also originates from the subclavian artery

A

Internal mammary

75
Q

What are 2 other names for the metacarpal arteries

A

1) common palmar digital artery
2) dorsal metacarpal artery

76
Q

In what plane is the celiac trunk best visualized sonographically

A

Transverse or longitudinal from an anterior approach

77
Q

What artery arises as a terminal branch of the celiac trunk

A

Splenic artery

78
Q

This artery follows a tortuous course along the posteriorsuperior margin of the pancreatic body and tail

A

Splenic artery

79
Q

What is the best way to reveal the proximal portion of the splenic artery

A

Transverse from a midline approach

80
Q

The distal most portion of the splenic artery can be visualized from a ______ ______ approach using the _______ as an acoustic window

A

Left lateral
Spleen

81
Q

What artery runs a short distance to the right along the superior border of the pancreatic head before giving rise to the GDA

A

Common hepatic artery

82
Q

What artery lies between the 1st portion of the duodenum and the anterior surface of the pancreatic head

A

Gastroduodenal artery (GDA)

83
Q

After giving off the GDA the common hepatic artery turns superiorly toward the porta hepatis and gives off the ______ ______ artery

A

Right gastric

84
Q

The common hepatic eventually becomes what artery

A

Proper hepatic artery

85
Q

The proper hepatic artery terminates at the _____ _______

A

Porta hepatis

86
Q

The hepatic arterial system can usually be well visualized from an ______ approach using the _______ as an acoustic window

A

Anterior
Liver

87
Q

The common hepatic artery is seen on ______ views as it arises from the celiac trunk

A

Transverse

88
Q

The proper hepatic artery can be identified on _________ views as it courses along the anteromedial aspect of the portal vein

A

Transverse oblique

89
Q

Name the 2nd branch of the aortic arch

A

Left common carotid

90
Q

What artery terminates at the carotid bifurcation

A

Left common carotid

91
Q

Name the 3rd branch off the aortic arch

A

Left subclavian

92
Q

Where does the left subclavian terminate at

A

Thoracic outlet

93
Q

The ascending aorta arises from which ventricle

A

Left

94
Q

Name the 2 branches of the ascending aorta

A

1) right coronary artery
2) left coronary artery

95
Q

The ________ thoracic aorta extends downward from the aortic arch to just above the diaphragm

A

Descending

96
Q

After the right renal artery branches off the aorta it courses under the

A

IVC

97
Q

Name the 3 branches of the parietal abdominal aorta

A

1) inferior phrenic artery
2) lumbar arteries
3) middle sacral arteries

98
Q

The common iliacs divide into the internal and external iliacs at the level of the ________ junction about ______ cm from their origin

A

Lumbosacral junction
5 cm

99
Q

The internal iliacs are how many cm in length

A

3-4

100
Q

The internal iliacs descend into the pelvis at the upper margin of the ________ _______ foramen

A

Greater sciatic

101
Q

What artery arises from the external iliac

A

Inferior epigastric artery

102
Q

What artery is just above the inguinal ligament supplying vessels to the abdomen muscles and skin

A

Inferior epigastric artery

103
Q

What artery arises from the lateral aspect of the external iliac and supplies the abdominal muscles

A

Deep circumflex iliac artery

104
Q

On the dorsum of the foot the DPA forms what 2 branches

A

1) first dorsal metatarsal
2) deep plantar arteries

105
Q

What is the 2nd branch of the distal popliteal artery

A

Tibioperoneal trunk

106
Q

What artery arises at the distal end of the Tibioperoneal trunk along with the posterior tibial artery

A

Peroneal artery

107
Q

Capillaries are vessels of the _________

A

Micro circulation

108
Q

How many microns in diameter are capillaries

A

8-10 microns

109
Q

The capillaries flow quality is _______ with ______ flow velocity

A

Steady
Low

110
Q

Capillaries have walls that consists of ________ cells

A

Endothelial

111
Q

Arteries progressively _______ in size from ______ to ______

A

Decrease in size
Aorta to Arterioles

112
Q

Arterioles help regulate blood flow by ________ and _______

A

Contracting and relaxing.

113
Q

The function of an artery is to ________ ______

A

Transport blood

114
Q

The tunica adventitia has a few smooth muscle fibers all arranged ________

A

Longitudinally

115
Q

The tunica media controls vessel _________

A

Contraction

116
Q

Which vessel does the axillary vein drain into

A) brachial
B) subclavian
C) cephalic
D) basilic

A

B) subclavian

117
Q

Which vessel does the common anterior tibial vein drain into

A) femoral
B) tib-Peroneal trunk
C) popliteal
D) dorsalis pedis

A

C) popliteal

Vascular Board (29 decks)

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