Chapter 24 Venous Testing (signs, symptoms, disease mechanisms) Flashcards
What are the 4 most common findings of DVT
1) swelling
2) pain
3) redness
4) warmth
Name the 5 most common findings of chronic venous disease
1) swelling
2) heaviness
3) discoloration
4) ulcers
5) varicosities
What is another name for induration of tissue
Edema
Name name for redness is
Erythema
Where is the gaiter zone
Lower leg to ankle area
What is another name for brownish discoloration
Brawny
What is another name for whiteness
Pallor
Arterial spasms secondary to extensive acute iliofemoral thrombosis is called
Phlegmasia alba dolens
What is another name for bluish discoloration
Cyanosis
Severely reduced venous outflow from iliofemoral thrombosis markedly reduces arterial inflow is called
Phlegmasia cerulea dolens
Where are venous ulcers normally located
Often near the medial malleolus
Where are arterial ulcers normally located
Tibial area, toes, bony prominences
Shallow and irregular shaped bodies s the appearance of what type of ulcer
Venous
Deep, regular shape with a punched out appearance is what this type of ulcer looks like
Arterial
Inflammation, infection, brawny discoloration and presence of varicosities describes what type of ulcer
Venous
Dryness, scaly, atrophy, shiny skin, loss of hair and thickened toenails describes what type of ulcer
Arterial
________ is when a tissue contains an excessive amount of fluid
Edema
For venous ulcers will a patient have mild or severe pain
Mild
For arterial ulcers will a patient have mild or severe pain
Severe
Fluid in subcutaneous tissue and depression of skin surface with manual pressure describes what type of edema
Pitting
__________ is when the lymphatic system drains excess fluid from tissue
Lymphedema
Lymphedema is frequently seen after many types of _______ surgeries
Cancer
Trauma to the vessel/endothelial damage describes
Virchows triad
What is an example of virchows triad
Paget-schroetter syndrome
This syndrome is effort induced thrombosis of the axial kart and subclavian veins associated with compression of the subclavian vein at the thoracic outlet
Paget Schroetter Syndrome
This syndrome is a problem caused by partly blocked blood flow through the SCV. Edema and engorgement of vessels are evident
SCV syndrome
Intraluminal thrombi frequently begin at valve cusps or in _______ sinuses
Soleal
________ venous insufficiency is when there is stretching of walls resulting in damage to valves and increased venous pressure causing flow changes
Chronic
This syndrome is symptomatic chronic venous insufficiency after a DVT
Post-phlebitic syndrome
_________ ________ occurs when a clump of material gets suck in an artery in the lungs blocking the flow of blood
Pulmonary embolism
What are the 2 definitive diagnostic tools used for pulmonary embolisms
1) CTA chest
2) pulmonary angiography
When valves no longer maintain unidirectional flow this is called
Valvular incompetence
_________ is fluid, RBC and fibrinogen leaking into surrounding tissue
Hemosiderin
_________ is a particle representing an iron storage complex that is formed by the breakdown of hemoglobin
Hemosiderin
_______ varicose veins are dilated veins secondary to valvular incompetence of superficial system
Primary
________ varicose veins are dilated veins caused by incompetence of the superficial system resulting from a deep venous obstruction. Deep system is not intact
Secondary
Avalvular veins and Arteriovenous malformations describe what type of venous disease
Congenital
What is an example of congenital venous disease
Klippel-trenaunay
What syndrome is a condition that affects the development of blood vessels, soft tissue and bones
Klippel- trenaunay
