Chapter 16 Cerbrovascular Gross Anatomy Flashcards
The right CCA is a branch of the
Right innominate
The left CCA is a branch of the
Aortic arch
The majority of blood flows into the
A) ICA
B) ECA
A) ICA
What artery travels into the base of the skull without branching
ICA
Name the 2 intracranial branches
1) opthalamic artery
2) posterior communicating artery
What artery originates near the carotid siphon and is a significant curve of the ICA
Ophthalamic artery
What artery terminates in the MCA and ACA
ICA
What artery distributes blood to low resistance vascular beds
ICA
What is the first branch of the ECA
Superior thyroid artery
What artery distributes blood to high resistive vascular beds
ECA
What is the first branch off the subclavian artery
Vertebral artery
This artery is usually smaller than the left and unites after entering the skull to form the basilar artery
Vertebral artery
What artery is formed by the confluence of the vertebral arteries
Basilar artery
What artery divides into posterior cerebral arteries
Basilar artery
The _______ of ______ is a hexagonal arrangement of distal _____ and _____ joined together by the ______ and joined together by the _______
Circle of Willis
ICA and ACA
Acomm and Pcomm
What artery arises from the ophthalmic artery and travels anteriorly and superiorly to the globe
Supraorbital artery
What artery arises from the ophthalmic artery and exits the orbit medially to supply the mid forehead and joins the ECA via some of its branches
Frontal artery
What is the largest intra-arterial connection
Circle of Willis
The total fluid energy along a streamline of fluid flow is constant is called the
Bernoulli principle
How are velocity and pressure related
Inversely
How are velocity and area related
Inversely
Name 3 things that cause energy loss through inertia
1) eddy currents
2) turbulence
3) vortices
_________ causes increased energy losses
Acceleration
Obstruction of a blood vessel by a piece of thrombus is called
Thromboembolic
_________ is large amounts of red blood cells trapped within a fibrin network
Thrombus
________ is a piece of thrombus that breaks loose and travels distally until it lodges in a small vessel
Embolism
What is a localized dilatation of blood vessels due to congenital defects or weakness of the wall
Aneurysm
What results from a sudden tear in the intima and creates a false lumen which may gradually extend proximally or distally
Dissection
This is the most commonly caused by dysplasia of the media along with overgrowth of collagen
Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD)
Where is a carotid body normally located
Just above the carotid bifurcation
Intimal thickening from rapid production of smooth muscle cells is called
Neointimal hyperplasia
_____________ is a rhythmic throbbing of an artery in time with the heart beat
Palpation
Name the 4 common sites to palpate
1) Common carotid
2) superficial temporal
3) subclavian
4) axillary artery
_________ is listening through a stethoscope
Auscultation
_______ is a noose heart as a result of turbulent flow
Bruit
Name 2 common sites for bruit evaluation
1) carotid
2) subclavian
Specific eye symptoms example amaurosis fugax are suggestive of _________ _______ disease
Ipsilateral ICA
_________ ________ is weakness or slight paralysis on one side of the body
Unilateral paresis
_________ ________ is prickling or tingling of the skin
Unilateral paresthesia
______ inability to speak
Aphasia
________ _______ is temporary, partial, or total blindness usually of one eye
Amaurosis fugax
_______ is commonly referred to as nearsightedness
Myopia
Name 4 symptoms that are frequently seen with an ICA lesion
1) unilateral paresis
2) unilateral paresthesia
3) aphasia
4) amaurosis fagux
________ is difficulty in maintaining equilibrium
Vertigo
________ muscular uncoordination
Ataxia
Name 5 symptoms frequently seen with verterbrobasilar lesion
1) vertigo
2 ataxia
3) bilateral visual blurring
4) bilateral paresthesia or anesthesia
5) drop attack
_______ is a sensation or whirling with a tendency to fall
Dizziness
_______ is transient loss of consciousness
Syncope
