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Vascular Board > Chapter 13 Duplex/ Flow Imaging Abdomen > Flashcards

Chapter 13 Duplex/ Flow Imaging Abdomen Flashcards

1
Q

What is the purpose of evaluating the aorto-iliac vessels

A

Evaluate vessels for stenosis, status of bypass grafts and aneurysmal disease

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2
Q

The renal arteries to evaluated to document a ________% diameter reduction

A

> 60%

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3
Q

Why are the kidneys evaluated

A

To help in the evaluation of nephrosclerotic disease

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4
Q

Why are the mesenteric arteries evaluated

A

To document significant stenosis or evaluation of mesenteric bowel ischemia

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5
Q

Why is the liver evaluated

A

For suspected portal hypertension and pre/post liver transplants

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6
Q

In the aorto iliac arteries a dilation of 3 cm or an increase in diameter of 50% or greater than the original artery is a sign of an

A

Aneurysm

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7
Q

The majority of AAAs are _______ and ________

A

Atherosclerotic and infrarenal

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8
Q

What is the most frequent complication of the aorto iliac arteries

A

Rupture of the aortic aneurysm

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9
Q

Many patients who have hypertension have ___________ hypertension

A

Renovascular

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10
Q

Renovascular hypertension is usually caused from _________ or _______

A

Renal artery stenosis, occlusion

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11
Q

The renal arteries and kidney arteries are

A) high resistant
B) low resistant

A

B) low resistant

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12
Q

Name 3 arteries that are low resistant

A

1) celiac
2) hepatic
3) splenic

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13
Q

The aorta is usually

A) high resistant
B) low resistant

A

A) high resistant

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14
Q

Name 2 arteries that are high resistive

A

Fasting SMA and IMA

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15
Q

How do you calculate the renal to aortic ratio (RAR)

A

Highest renal artery PSV/ aorta PSV

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16
Q

What is a normal RAR

A

< 3.5

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17
Q

What is an abnormal RAR

A

> 3.5

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18
Q

An RAR of > 3.5 suggest

A

> 60% of diameter reduction

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19
Q

What are the 2 reasons one can’t use the RAR

A

1) if AAA is detected
2) if aortic PSV > 90 cm/s or < 40 cm/s

20
Q

What is the normal length of the adult kidneys

A

10-12 cm

21
Q

How do you calculate the end diastolic ratio (EDR)

A

End diastolic V/ PSV

22
Q

What is a normal EDR value

A

> 0.2

23
Q

What does EDR stand for

A

End diastolic ratio

24
Q

What is an abnormal EDR

A

< 0.2

25
Q

How do you calculate the RI

A

PSV-EDV/ PSV

26
Q

What is a normal RI

A

<0.75

27
Q

What is an abnormal RI

A

> 0.75

28
Q

Proximal high grade stenosis/ occlusion of renal artery may result in _________ _______ Doppler signals distally

A

Dampened, weak

29
Q

Patients presenting with a history of dull, achy or crampy abdominal areas sun 15-30 minutes after meals are suspected for

A

Mesenteric ischemia

30
Q

The pain for mesenteric ischemia is also known as

A

Mesenteric angina

31
Q

What is the PSV, EDV and flow reversal of the SMA of a pre-prandial fasting patient

A

PSV- high
EDV- low
Flow reversal- yes

32
Q

What is the PSV,EDV, and flow reversal of the celiac in a pre-prandial fasting patient

A

PSV- high
EDV- high
Flow reversal- no

33
Q

What is the PSV, EDV, and loss of flow reversal in the SMA of a post-prandial patient

A

PSV- marked increase
EDV- marked increase
Loss of flow reversal- yes

34
Q

What is the PSV, EDV, and loss of flow reversal in the celiac of a post- prandial patient

A

PSV- no change
EDV- no change
Loss of flow reversal- N/A

35
Q

What is the normal PSV of the SMA

A

110-177 cm/sec

36
Q

What is the normal PSV of the celiac

A

50-160 cm/sec

37
Q

If there is a stenosis in the SMA the PSV is _______ and predicts a ______% diameter reduction

A

> 275 and 70%

38
Q

If there is a stenosis in the celiac the PSV is _______ and predicts a ________ diameter reduction

A

> 200 cm/sec and 70%

39
Q

In most cases _____ of _____ mesenteric vessels have to be abnormal to be consistent with chronic mesenteric ischemia

A

2 of 3

40
Q

Extrinsic compression of the celiac artery origin by the

A

Median arcuate ligament

41
Q

What transducer frequency would you use for an organ transplant allograft

A

5 or 3 MHz

42
Q

Pre and post operative evaluation of a liver transplant include documenting patency of what 4 things

A

1) portal vein
2) hepatic veins
3) IVC
4) hepatic artery

43
Q

What transducer frequency should be used for a renal transplant

A

5 MHz

44
Q

A transplanted renal artery is anastomosed to what

A

EIA or IIA

45
Q

A transplanted RV is anastomosed to the

A

EIV

46
Q

What are the 2 signs of B-mode renal transplant rejection

A

1) increased renal transplant size
2) increased cortical echogenicity

47
Q

What is the most reliable method for renal transplant rejection diagnosis

A

Biopsy

Vascular Board (29 decks)

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