Secondary Traumatic Stress Flashcards
5 Stages of Burnout (1-5) [HOCBH]
- Honeymoon phase
- Onset of stress
- Chronic stress
- Burnout
- Habitual burnout
5 Stages of Burnout (explained)
- Honeymoon phase - begin experience predicted stresses of job; commitment to job lower, compulsion to prove oneself
- Onset of stress - begins w/awareness of some days being more difficult than others, optimism waning, common stress symptoms affect you physically, emotionally, mentally; anxiety, avoidance
- Chronic stress - marked by change in stress levels, from motivation to stress on daily basis; anger/aggressive behaviour, cynical attitude
- Burnout - symptoms become critical (stage often referred to), key is to seek support; behavioural changes, social isolation
- Habitual burnout - burnout symptoms embedded in life, significant physical/emotional problems; chronic fatigue/sadness
3 post-traumatic therapy principles (Ochberg 1991) [1-3]
- Individuality
- Normalization
- Empowerment
3 post-traumatic therapy principles (Ochberg 1991) [explained]
- Individuality - every individual has unique path to recovery; involves CM (Ochberg’s counting method- count to 100) therapeutic treatment to help desensitization of PTSD
- Normalization - balances uniqueness of recovery; defines general pattern of adjustment; emphasizes normality of disturbing thoughts/feelings
- Empowerment - STS people need to be included in own recovery, active agents; gives sense of power/control
Frame of Reference (2)
shifts in beliefs about others & world
1. Spirituality - shift in sense of meaning, life purpose, difficult to maintain connection w/HP
2. Worldview - shift in safety, becomes dangerous/threatening, disconnecting, exploitative
Traumatology
-type of damage to mind due distressing event
-due overwhelming stress
-usually physical threat
-feel overwhelmed, anxious, threatened
- the study of traumatized people
Intrusive Imagery
imagery described by client’s that connect to therapist e.g sexual; hallmark of post-traumatic adaptation; kind of like a flashback in real life
5 need areas identified effects of psychological trauma (1-5)
- safety
- trust
- esteem
- intimacy
- control
5 need areas identified effects of psychological trauma (explained)
- safety - basic, evolutionary need
- trust - central to all human relationships; dependence on others
- esteem - high & low; internal quality but affected by external factors; key stage in achieving contentment/self-actualization
- intimacy - can be expressed verbal/non-verbal; mutual experience between individuals; depends primarily on trust; cultures also
- control - evolutionary standpoint, survival in env.; fight or flight; certainty, understanding, ability to predict outcomes
Vicarious Trauma
-impact therapist’s sense of self
-process of change result from empathic engagement w/trauma survivors (Pearlman)
-affects tolerance, interpersonal relationships, imagery system of memory
Empathy
-best friend or worst enemy
-process empathizing w/trauma client helps understand trauma experience
-we may become traumatized as well
Counter Transferrence
-distortion of judgement from therapist
-therapist brings biases /personal factors to the table, affects both observation & individual being observed
Group Dynamic Issues
-intense emotional states influence/polarize members
-may feel alienated/misunderstood
-groups establish consensual perceptions of reality
-affects vulnerable clients/therapists
PTSD (post-traumatic stress disorder)
characteristic symptoms of exposure to extreme traumatic stressors
e.g. threat of death, violence, sexual abuse, child abuse, war veteran
Compassion Fatigue
-compassion stress or STS, natural, predictable, treatable, preventable, unwanted consequence of working w/suffering people
-burnout & stress-related symptoms experienced by caregivers/helping professions in reaction to working w/trauma clients over extended period of time
5 qualities help therapists manage counter transference (ACESS)
- anxiety management
- conceptualizing skills
- empathic ability
- self-insight
- self-integration
Simultaneous Trauma
all members of system affected @same time. eg. natural disaster
Vicarious Trauma
single member affected out of contact w/others. e.g. war, mine accident, hostage
Intra-Familial Trauma
abuse - member causes emotional injury to another
Chasmal or Secondary Trauma
traumatic stress affects entire system after appearing in one member. e.g. STS, personal rather than clinical or medical
4 examples of trauma
- Simultaneous Trauma
- Vicarious Trauma
- Intra-Familial Trauma
- Chasmal or Secondary Trauma
Fidelity
honesty & fulfilling commitments
10 Ways to Resolve Stress
- Break tasks down when feeling overwhelmed
- Balance between personal & professional life
- Creativity
- Clarify sense of meaning & purpose
- Identify & use social resources & supports
- Laugh
- Play
- Physical self-care
- Spiritual side, develop it
- Supervision (someone who understands PTSD)
1 activity ranked for professional personal care
Maintain Boundaries - maintain them; be steadfast; don’t give in to pressures; boundary issues covered in ethics classes
Passion
-we all have hidden sources of energy & healing power
-identify things that fuel you, fatigue will disappear
-balance schedule with things we have passion for
RULER Program (5 skills of E.I. emotional intelligence)
R- recognizing emotions in self & others
U- understanding causes & consequences of emotions
L- labeling emotions w/nuanced vocabulary
E- expressing emotions in accordance w/cultural norms & social context
R- regulating emotions w/helpful strategies
What’s the Need?
awareness of impact of the work on self & willingness to take steps to lessen secondary impact
ABC’s of Prevention
A- awareness (my life is out of control)
B- balance (I will do this & that)
C- connections (starting w/yourself & expanding outward)
Practices that Expand our Identities (PUUM Model; EI)
P- Perception/perceive- exploration, discovery, self-awareness
U- Use- internal integration, self-management, application
U- Understand- empathy, social awareness, interaction
M- Manage- relationships, exchanges, expectations
1 Group Rule
Confidentiality
10 sorts
pos/neg= aggressive/assertive, demanding/ambitious
global/detailed= glib/warm, selfish/persuasive
time= passive/stable, unresponsive/good listener
sameness/different= critical/careful, fussy/meticulous, perfectionist/neat
Barriers to Communication
-trauma
-therapist/provider
-beliefs
-values
-priorities
-past experiences
vicarious trauma doesn’t disrupt a person’s frame of reference? T/F
False
stress from helping a traumatized person is called?
STSD
age is a buffer for STS? T/F
False
what’s the foundation of ethical statements?
Values
self-care is an ethical duty? T/F
True
