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Addictions > Principles of Addiction: Foundation > Flashcards

Principles of Addiction: Foundation Flashcards

1
Q

4 C’s of Addiction

A
  1. Craving
  2. Control (loss of; in amount of frequency of use)
  3. Compulsion to use
  4. Consequences (use despite of)
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2
Q

Instrumental Use

A

motivation of drug user who takes drug for purpose other than getting high.
Licit-prescribed valium to relieve anxiety
Illicit-morphine w/out scrip to relieve pain

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3
Q

Recreational Use

A

motivation of drug user who takes drugs only to get high.
Licit-glass of wine to relax
Illicit-line of cocaine for euphoric effects

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4
Q

Drug Toxicity

A

physical or psychological harm that a drug may present the user.
e.g. dangerous, poisonous, interfere w/normal functioning

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5
Q

Acute Toxicity

A

immediate harm of a drug (soon after ingested)
e.g. accidental OD, dangerous combos of drugs w/alcohol, overmedication of prescription or OTC drugs

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6
Q

Chronic Toxicity

A

harm a drug might cause over long time period
e.g. liver disease=alcoholic, lung cancer/cardiovascular/pulmonary disease=tobacco,

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7
Q

Dose

A

quantity of drug taken into body

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8
Q

Dosage

A

measured in terms of milligrams (mg) or micrograms

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9
Q

Therapeutic Index

A

-measure of drugs relative safety for use.
-higher the ratio=safer the drug.

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10
Q

Pharmacodynamics

A

studies effects of a drug on body by measuring drug binding to receptors & dose-response curves.

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11
Q

Pharmacokinetics

A

branch of pharmacology that studies relationship between time & concentration of a drug @various sites in the body by measuring absorption, distribution, metabolism, & excretion of drug.

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12
Q

Common Harm Reduction Approaches

A
  1. O.D. Prevention Sites (supervised injection sites, safe consumption sites)
  2. Safe Supply Kits (sterile syringes, alcohol swabs, sterile water, tourniquets, spoons, filters, safe inhalation kits, sharps container)
  3. Free Condom Distribution
  4. STI Testing & Counselling
  5. Naloxone Kits & Naloxone Training
  6. Tobacco Control Policies
  7. Alcohol (designated driver programs)
  8. Retention in Treatment (integrate lapses/relapses into treatment as part of recovery process)
  9. Methadone/Suboxone Maintenance Therapy
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13
Q

Licit Drugs (Legal)

A

manufacture, sale, possession is legal.
e.g. alcohol, cannabis, nicotine, caffeine.

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14
Q

Illicit Drugs (illegal)

A

manufacture, sale, possession is illegal.
e.g. heroin, cocaine, club drugs

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15
Q

7 Classes/Classifications of Drugs

A
  1. Cannabinoids
  2. Depressants
    3.Stimulants
  3. Inhalants
  4. Opiates
  5. Hallucinogens
  6. Steroids
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16
Q

5 Stages of Change

A
  1. Pre-Contemplation Stage (others see-client does not)
  2. Contemplation Stage (recognizes some consequences, but ambivalent)
  3. Preparation Stage (aware of consequences, experience tipping of decisional balance of change)
  4. Action Stage (shortest stage) (clients most enthusiastic & energetic)
  5. Maintenance Stage (continue gains to prevent relapse, experience life’s joys and challenges while learning to cope)
17
Q

Huffing

A

inhaling solvent from handkerchief

18
Q

Bagging

A

breathing vapors in from plastic bag

19
Q

Drug Tolerance

A

capacity of a drug’s dose to have a gradually diminished effect on user (repeated use over time)

20
Q

Stimulant

A

mood elevator, produce euphoria, sense of well-being
e.g. cocaine, nicotine, amphetamines, caffeine

21
Q

Depressants

A

depress activity of Central Nervous System
e.g. alcohol, solvents, glue

22
Q

Post-Acute Withdrawal (PAW)

A

-bio-psycho-social syndrome
-results from combo of damage to nervous system caused by alcohol/drugs & psychosocial stress of coping w/life w/out SU

23
Q

HIV

A

Human Immunodeficiency Virus
-the virus that causes AIDS
-cripples immune system allowing opportunistic infections

24
Q

AIDS

A

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
-not transmitted thru genes, only by infection
-200 CD4 count considered full-blown AIDS

25
Q

Hepatitis A

A

-virus causes inflammation of liver
-drinking water/eating food contaminated w/fecal matter containing virus
-there is a vaccine

26
Q

Hepatitis B

A

-liver infection caused by HBV
-body fluids of infected person
-there is a vaccine w/3 injections

27
Q

Hepatitis C

A

-1st 1989
-HCV infectious virus carried in blood/affects liver
-HVC infects liver causing inflammation, damages liver tissue
-no vaccine

28
Q

FAS Disorder

A

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Disorder
-maternal alcohol during pregnancy inhibit production (biosynthesis) of chemicals (gangliosides) w/in developing fetal brain

29
Q

CNS Depressant

A

(central nervous system)
Benzodiazepines
-prescribed for short-term anxiety/insomnia, & severe alcohol withdrawal symptoms

30
Q

ATOD

A

Alcohol Tobacco & Other Drugs
-term used in prevention of S.U. & neg. consequences overall

31
Q

Routes of Administration

A

Injected
- intravenous (into blood/vein)
-intramuscular (into muscle)
Enternal
-oral (mouth)
-sublingual (under tongue)
Other
-inhalation (thru lungs)
-transdermal (patch on skin)

32
Q

Disease Model of Alcoholism

A

1956 - AMA (American Medical Association) classified alcoholism as disease
according to Jellinek
-loss of control
-progression of signs/symptoms
-addict responsible for solution
-can be treated
-if left untreated = death

33
Q

Cocaine

A

-stimulant derived from coca leaves
coca paste to hydrochloride (powder)
free-base, remove hydrochloride
-enhances dopamine/norepinephrine

34
Q

Crack

A

from powder cocaine thru treatment w/baking soda

35
Q

Cannabis

A

THC - psychoactive ingredient
-legalized in Canada Oct, 2018

36
Q

Opiates

A

opiates–opium–morphine/codeine/thebaine
-heroin, oxycodone, percocet
-extreme pain relievers

37
Q

MDMA (molly)

A

related to norepinephrine
-type of hallucinogen club drug

Addictions (14 decks)

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