Process Addictions Flashcards
The 3 C’s (Common Characteristics of Addiction)
- Compulsive use
- loss of Control
- continued use despite adverse Consequences
Compulsive Activity (gambling)
-conflict between stated intention & actual behaviour
-overcome by irresistible urges/impulses; strong discomfort if not acted upon
-pathological gamblers may beg, borrow, steal
(once triggered, act as if in trance, broken only when experience ends (relapse indicator)
loss of Control (gambling)
-the chase (trying to win back money lost)
-double down (double bet to eliminate previous loss)
-end of gambling binge similar to alcoholic blackout
-guilt, remorse, anger, cheated out of $
-loss of predictability ( struggle to maintain limits, unpredictable, intermittent
(other entertainments abandoned to devote more time to gambling)
continued use despite adverse Consequences (gambling)
-higher risk for self-destruction than any other behaviour
-longer able to hide behaviour=more debilitating they become
-no obvious signs of addictive intoxication
-family members feel abandoned (wives 4x likely to attempt suicide)
-spouse fears an affair
-gambling not linear like S.A.; up & down
(gambling both the problem & the solution)
Characteristics of Sex Addiction (Level 1/3)
Level 1. Behaviours
-normal, acceptable, tolerable
(masturbation, porn, prostitution, multiple affairs)
Characteristics of Sex Addiction (Level 2/3)
Level 2. Illegal Behaviours
-victimizing, nuisance crimes
(exhibitionism, voyeurism-sexual stimulation by visual means, obscene phonecalls)
Characteristics of Sex Addiction (Level 3/3)
Level 3. Illegal Behaviours
-grave consequences for victims, severe legal consequences for offender
(rape, incest, child molestation)
Progression of the Addiction (Sex) (Phase 1/5)
- Initiation Phase
-impact of sexual observations/experiences intense during youth
-sex D.O.C. to cope/escape
Progression of the Addiction (sex) (Phase 2/5)
- Establishment Phase
-repetition of addictive cycle
-preoccupation, ritualization, sexual acting out
-then despair, shame, guilt
-cycle renews
Progression of the Addiction (Phase 3/5)
- Escalation Phase
-more frequent acting out
-more intense, riskier
-occurs w/greater loss of control
Progression of the Addiction (Phase 4/5)
- De-Escalation Phase
-many never experience this phase
-behaviour may intermittently decrease
-substituting drugs/alcohol or be sheer will power
Progression of the Addiction (gambling) (Phase 5/5)
- Acute Phase
-constantly preoccupied w/gambling cycle
-becomes isolated/alienated from family/friends
-only stopped by physical consequence, incarceration or absence of opportunity
5 Processing Addictions (GSSEW)
Compulsive Gambling
Compulsive Shopping
Sex Addiction
Eating Disorders
Workaholism
Bulimia Nervosa
-restraining food intake for period of time followed by over-intake (bingeing) period
-result is guilt, low self-esteem
Anorexia Nervosa
-refusal to maintain healthy body weight thru eating/exercise
-obsessive fear of gaining weight
Binge-Eating
-compulsive overeating
-consume huge amounts of food
-out of control, powerless to stop
Qualities of Addiction (4 listed)
- chronic & subject to relapse
- progressive
- denial - incapable of seeing problem
- potentially fatal
Cerebral Cortex
-largest site of neural integration of CNS
-key role in attention, perception, awareness, thought, memory, language, consciousness
Midbrain
portion of CNS assoc. w/vision, hearing, motor control, sleep/wake cycles, arousal, alertness, temp.regulation
Old Brain
-incl. brain stem, medulla, pons, reticular formation, thalamus, cerebellum, amygdala, hypothalamus, hippocampus
-regulates basic survival functions
-breathing, moving, resting, feeding, emotions, memory
How the Brain gets Addicted
-rewire neural circuits
-repeated behaviours/pursuits rewarding (high) in spite of serious repercussions
Escape Gamblers
-depressant high
-seek emotional numbing, trance-like state, anonymity
-slots are best, solely chance, little skill
-progression from recreational to compulsive in as little as weeks to months
Compulsive Overeating (Food Addiction)
-need to eat high-fat, high-sugar, high-salt foods in large amounts when not hungry
-copious health problems (obesity/mental health)
DSM-V 3 Forms of Chemical Abuse (1)
- Substance Abuse Disorders
-maladaptive chemical substance use leads to clinically significant outcomes/distress
-recurrent legal problems
-failure to perform @ work, school, home
-physically hazardous behaviours (DWI)
DSM-V 3 Forms of Chemical Abuse (2)
- Substance Dependency Disorders
-loss of control how much substance is used, once begun
-manifests in 7 symptoms: - tolerance
- withdrawal
- using more than intended
- can’t control use
- great deal time to obtain/use substance
- life activities given up/reduced
- continued us despite adverse consequences
DSM-V 3 Forms of Chemical Abuse (3)
- Substance-Induced Disorders
-manifests same symptoms as depression/mental health disorders
-direct result of S.U.
-symptoms cease shortly after discontinuing S.U.
Common Signs of Compulsive Gambling
-misuse of time
-obsession with gambling & fixing debts
-embezzlement, employee/familial theft, illegal activity
-lying to conceal gambling activity
3 DSM-V Categories Commonly Used to Classify Sex Addiction (1)
- Paraphilia
-recurrent, intense, sexually arousing fantasies, sexual urges/behaviours:
>non-human objects
>suffering/humiliation of self/partner
>children/non-consenting persons
>occur over @least 6mnths
>clinically significant distress in all life areas
3 DSM-V Categories Commonly Used to Classify Sex Addiction (2)
- NOS Sexual Disorders(not otherwise specified)
-sexual disturbances don’t meet criteria for specific sexual disorder
-neither sexual dysfunction or paraphilia
3 DSM-V Categories Commonly Used to Classify Sex Addiction (3)
- Impulse Control Disorder
-less common
Compulsive Buying - Identity-Related
-high materialistic values
-belief material goods central life goals
-main route to identity, success, happiness
Compulsive Buying -
Emotional-Social
-address “ideal self,” improve social image & express themselves
-perceived self-esteem benefits
-often impulsive & triggered by both env. cues & beliefs buying can relieve neg. affect/provide self-definition
Compulsive Gambling
-different levels
-can destroy financial status, career, family
Compulsive Shopping
-resulting un-opened items long forgotten
-need unnecessary
-acquiring something fills perceived hole
Sex Addiction
-multiple forms
-often risky behaviour connected w/mental health
-many don’t use protection
Eating Disorders
-most involve focusing too much on weight, body shape & food
-leads to dangerous eating behaviours, seriously affect ability to get nutrition body needs
Workaholism
-person who works compulsively
-inability to limit amount of time spent on work despite neg. consequences
-damage to relationships/health
Characteristics of Sex Addiction (3 levels listed)
Level 1. Behaviours
Level 2. Illegal Behaviours
Level 3. Illegal Behaviours w/grave consequences to victim, severe legal consequences for offender
Progression of the Addiction (5 Phases listed) (IEEDA)
- Initiation Phase
- Establishment Phase
- Escalation Phase
- De-escalation Phase
- Acute Phase
DSM-V 3 Forms of Chemical Abuse (listed)
- Substance Abuse Disorders
- Substance Dependency Disorders
- Substance-Induced Disorders
3 DSM-V Categories Commonly Used to Classify Sex Addiction (listed)
- Paraphilia
- NOS Sexual Disorders
- Impulse Control Disorder
