SE 19-21 Flashcards
Introduction
-the institutions of family and marriage experienced
c_______y and c____e in past century
-today, much greater d_______y and t_______n in living arrangements and family forms: e.g., cohabitation,
separation, divorce, single-parenting
-marriage transformed from u___n based on
community, family and kin interests to union based on
e_______l bonds and based on “love match” (Coontz,
2005)
Introduction
continuity and change in past century
diversity and transition in living
arrangements and family forms: e.g., cohabitation,
separation, divorce, single-parenting
-marriage transformed from union based on
community, family and kin interests to union based on
emotional bonds and based on “love match” (Coontz,
2005)
Intimacy
- strong e_____l bonds: love
- closeness
Intimacy
- strong emotional bonds: love
- closeness
Intimacy
- being special to another person
- involves self-d________e
- a p________d knowledge of inner selves
Intimacy
- being special to another person
- involves self-disclosure
- a privileged knowledge of inner selves
Passionate and Companionate Love
Passionate_love: intense longing for another person;
characterized by obsessive t______s and physiological a_____l in presence of other
-unsteady
-may end abruptly
Passionate and Companionate Love
obsessive thoughts and physiological arousal in presence of other
- unsteady
- may end abruptly
Passionate and Companionate Love
Companionate love: feelings of i______y and a_______n for someone with whom our lives are deeply intertwined
-relationship satisfaction is higher for companionate love than for passionate love
Passionate and Companionate Love
intimacy and affection for someone with whom our lives are deeply intertwined
-relationship satisfaction is higher for companionate love than for passionate love
Social Consequences of Transformations
in Intimate Relationships
Romantic love highly valued in W_____n cultures and choice of partner is based on i_______l, personal choice
Social Consequences of Transformations
in Intimate Relationships
Romantic love highly valued in Western cultures and choice of partner is based on individual, personal choice
Social Consequences of Transformations
Some family scholars have argued that the increased
importance of p_____e intimacy is dislodging civic and
community e________t
Social Consequences of Transformations
Some family scholars have argued that the increased
importance of private intimacy is dislodging civic and
community engagement
Social Consequences of Transformations
Other scholars argue that the transformations have led to increased e______y and democracy in individual’s personal lives which extend to other domains
Some believe that both of these are occurring s___________y
Social Consequences of Transformations
Other scholars argue that the transformations have led to increased equality and democracy in individual’s personal lives which extend to other domains
Some believe that both of these are occurring simultaneously
Why Do We Form and Maintain
Relationships.
Evolutionary Explanations
-drive to r_______e successfully
Attachment Theory and Attachment Styles
-John Bowlby (1969)
-drive to form close relationship with another based
on our relationship with our [m____r]
Why Do We Form and Maintain
Relationships.
Evolutionary Explanations
-drive to reproduce successfully
Attachment Theory and Attachment Styles
-John Bowlby (1969)
-drive to form close relationship with another based
on our relationship with our [mother]
Why Do We Form and Maintain
Relationships.
Social Exchange Theory
-drive based on benefits we r_____e from
relationship partners
Why Do We Form and Maintain
Relationships.
Social Exchange Theory
-drive based on benefits we receive from
relationship partners
Family Formation, SociaI Structures and Change
Family Demography:
-the study of changes in family s_______e to
understand both individual and societal
behaviour
Family Formation, SociaI Structures and Change
Family Demography:
-the study of changes in family structure to
understand both individual and societal
behaviour
The Configuration of Canadian Families Today
84% of all families live as c_____s
- married, common-law
- heterosexual or s__e-sex
The Configuration of Canadian Families Today
84% of all families live as couples
- married, common-law
- heterosexual or same-sex
The Configuration of Canadian Families Today
Marriage has d_______d
-from 92% of census families in 1961
to 67% of census families in 2011
The Configuration of Canadian Families Today
Marriage has decreased
-from 92% of census families in 1961
to 67% of census families in 2011
The Configuration of Canadian Families Today
C____n-law and same-sex couples have steadily increased. Average age at first marriage i________g: 29 women/ 31 men
The Configuration of Canadian Families Today
Common-law and same-sex couples have steadily increased. Average age at first marriage increasing: 29 women/ 31 men
Interracial Marriages in Canada
Mahtani (2014) found in her interviews with interracial
couples in Canada, that prejudice is commonly faced:
- t________n versus acceptance
- experience depends upon c___s, background, u___n/r___l setting
Interracial Marriages in Canada
Mahtani (2014) found in her interviews with interracial
couples in Canada, that prejudice is commonly faced:
- toleration versus acceptance
- experience depends upon class, background, urban/rural setting
Interracial Marriages in Canada
Mahtani (2014) found in her interviews with interracial
couples in Canada, that prejudice is commonly faced:
•parents often do not discuss r____m with children;
children do not discuss their experience of r____m with
parents
•mixed-race women often seek out C_______n partner
when they are young; this changes when in university
Interracial Marriages in Canada
Mahtani (2014) found in her interviews with interracial
couples in Canada, that prejudice is commonly faced:
•parents often do not discuss racism with children;
children do not discuss their experience of racism with
parents
•mixed-race women often seek out Caucasian partner
when they are young; this changes when in university
Divorce in Canada
40% of Canadian couples will divorce (38% 2008 figures)
- greatly impacted by 1968 D_____e Act
- majority of Canadians r_______r after divorce or separation
Divorce in Canada
40% of Canadian couples will divorce (38% 2008 figures)
- 1968 Divorce Act
- repartner after divorce or separation
Divorce in Canada
- but r_______e is less common
- because of high divorce rate, s________s much more common
- almost 50% of stepfamilies are b_____dfamilies
Divorce in Canada
- but remarriage is less common
- because of high divorce rate, stepfamilies much more common
- almost 50% of stepfamilies are blended_families
- —10% of children living in stepfamilies in Canada
Cohabitation in Canada
a.k.a., common-law unions; consensual unions
Fastest growing family structure in Canada
Especially common among y____g Canadians
Cohabitation in Canada
a.k.a., c____n-law unions; c________l unions
Fastest growing family structure in Canada
Especially common among young Canadians
Cohabitation in Canada
Regional Differences:
-more socially acceptable in Q____c to raise
children in common-law family
-outside of PQ, seen as probationary period before
marriage and less acceptable to raise children in
common-law family
Cohabitation in Canada
Regional Differences:
-32% of couples in Quebec; 11% in Ontario (2006 data)
-more socially acceptable in Quebec to raise
children in common-law family
-outside of PQ, seen as probationary period before
marriage and less acceptable to raise children in
common-law family
Explaining Regional Differences in Cohabitation
Quebec and Religion
-the Quiet R________n
Explaining Regional Differences in Cohabitation
Quebec and Religion
-the Quiet Revolution
Explaining Regional Differences in Cohabitation
F______t Movement
- stronger history in Quebec
- common-law unions tend to be more egalitarian
Explaining Regional Differences in Cohabitation
Feminist Movement
- stronger history in Quebec
- common-law unions tend to be more egalitarian
Intimacy Meanings-and—Theories
While family demographers inform us about how
families are configured, social theorists help us think about the reasons why family change has occurred
-one of the key focuses of theorists has been
the increased separation of s_______y from the
constraints of reproduction
Intimacy Meanings-and—Theories
While family demographers inform us about how
families are configured, social theorists help us think about the reasons why family change has occurred
-one of the key focuses of theorists has been
the increased separation of sexuality from the
constraints of reproduction
New Reproductive technologies
- a broad range of technologies that seek to facilitate, mediate or disrupt the process of reproduction
- include:
-IV F: in vitro fertilization
-a_______l testing (e.g., amniocentesis)
-c___________n
-abortion
New Reproductive technologies
- a broad range of technologies that seek to facilitate, mediate or disrupt the process of reproduction
- include:
-IV F: in vitro fertilization
-antenatal testing (e.g., amniocentesis)
-contraception
-abortion
Anthony G_____s : Plastic S______y
- Sexuality increasingly detached from
- R__________n
- Patriarchy (male-defined)
- Religion
- Other forms of social c_____l
Anthony Giddens : Plastic Sexuality
- Sexuality increasingly detached from
- Reproduction
- Patriarchy (male-defined)
- Religion
- Other forms of social control
Anthony Giddens : Plastic Sexuality
•Plastic Sexuality — that which can be shaped according to individual erotic n\_\_\_s and w\_\_\_s "m\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_y" of erotic expression "a\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_s sexuality" "flexible sexuality"
Anthony Giddens : Plastic Sexuality
•Plastic Sexuality — that which can be shaped according to individual erotic needs and wants "malleability" of erotic expression "autonomous sexuality" "flexible sexuality"
Other Cultural Shifts Transforming Intimacy
Emergence of the “p__e relationship” (G_____s)
-relationship based on e_______l satisfaction and pleasure
Other Cultural Shifts Transforming Intimacy
Emergence of the “pure relationship” (Giddens)
-relationship based on emotional satisfaction and pleasure
Other Cultural Shifts Transforming Intimacy
Increased individualism (Beck & Beck-G_______m)
-i_______l is central unit of social life as opposed
to f____y
Other Cultural Shifts Transforming Intimacy
Increased individualism (Beck & Beck-Gernsheim)
-individual is central unit of social life as opposed
to family
Other Cultural Shifts Transforming Intimacy
Lesbian and gay relationships impact beyond same-sex
relationships
e.g., research shows more e_________n: housework
and emotion work
Other Cultural Shifts Transforming Intimacy
Lesbian and gay relationships impact beyond same-sex
relationships
e.g., research shows more egalitarian: housework
and emotion work
Contemporary Criticisms of Intimacy Studies
‘Overstate t__________n of family
‘Lack of attention to c___s differences in family life
‘Lack of attention to pervasive g____r inequalities in i_____e life
Contemporary Criticisms of Intimacy Studies
‘Overstate transformation of family
‘Lack of attention to class differences in family life
‘Lack of attention to pervasive gender inequalities in intimate life
Contemporary Criticisms of Intimacy Studies
‘Det________________n (N__l Gross, 2005) not due to changes in romantic/sexual i______y
-family has changed by including groups who were previously e______d, but the h__________l marriage remains the dominant ideal
Contemporary Criticisms of Intimacy Studies
‘Detraditionalization (Neil Gross, 2005) not due to changes in romantic/sexual intimacy
-family has changed by including groups who were previously excluded, but the heterosexual marriage remains the dominant
ideal
Marriage Debates: Legal Structures and Cultural Privilege
Is a child’s well-being better when raised in a n_____r family with m______d parents?
-children raised in this family form: better
e_________l, s____l, c________e and behavioral outcomes
Marriage Debates: Legal Structures and Cultural Privilege
Is a child’s well-being better when raised in a nuclear family with married parents?
-children raised in this family form: better
educational, social, cognitive and behavioral outcomes
Marriage Debates: Legal Structures and Cultural Privilege
-But! Modest d________s
-But! Mediating factors-e.g., economic, parents own
socialization, family conflict/stress
-But! Study flaws; m______e may not led to better
outcomes, but rather more economically, socially s____e
people marry and have children?
-But! More research needed-e.g., children raised by
gay married parents
Marriage Debates: Legal Structures and Cultural Privilege
-But! Modest differences
-But! Mediating factors-e.g., economic, parents own
socialization, family conflict/stress
-But! Study flaws; marriage may not led to better
outcomes, but rather more economically, socially stable
people marry and have children?
-But! More research needed-e.g., children raised by
gay married parents
The Changing Landscape of Young Adult Relationships:
Dating and Hooking Up
Courtship to Dating to Hooking-Up
-_5% of Canadian college students report having had
vaginal, oral or anal sex
-_4% of Canadian university students reported that
their last sexual encounter was c____l (e.g., “hook-up”)
The Changing Landscape of Young Adult Relationships:
Dating and Hooking Up
Courtship to Dating to Hooking-Up
-75% of Canadian college students report having had
vaginal, oral or anal sex
-34% of Canadian university students reported that
their last sexual encounter was casual (e.g., “hook-up”)
Trojan and The Sex Information and Education Council of Canada. 2013.
The Consequences of Hooking Up
- casual sexual encounters d_________l to women?
- based on sexual script: sexual double-s______d
- casual sexual encounters beneficial for women?
- liberating/freedom
- decreasing l________s, experience of positive e______s
The Consequences of Hooking Up
- casual sexual encounters detrimental to women?
- based on sexual script: sexual double-standard
- casual sexual encounters beneficial for women?
- liberating/freedom
- decreasing loneliness, experience of positive emotions
The Consequences of Hooking Up
- increasing d_______n, unwanted sex and sexual r____t
- strong correlation with a_____l consumption
- lack of research on experience of lesbian and gay students
The Consequences of Hooking Up
- increasing depression, unwanted sex and sexual regret
- strong correlation with alcohol consumption
- lack of research on experience of lesbian and gay students
Techno Transformations’
Internet Dating and Cybersex
--% of current marriages or long-term partnerships
begin over the internet
-internet daters tend to make decisions based on r____l
preferences
-one study has found that up to 1/3 of men and women
have engaged in c______x; more common among gay
men than heterosexual men
Techno Transformations’
Internet Dating and Cybersex
-3-6% of current marriages or long-term partnerships
begin over the internet
-internet daters tend to make decisions based on racial
preferences
-one study has found that up to 1/3 of men and women
have engaged in cybersex; more common among gay
men than heterosexual men
