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I P M > Scouting and Diagnosis > Flashcards

Scouting and Diagnosis Flashcards

1
Q

When scouting, what does the system of regular inspections include?

A
  • Observe overall turf quality
  • Allows early detection of problems
  • Quantify damage levels
  • Collect and evaluate environmental data
  • Evaluate treatment effects
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2
Q

What is the Scouting Program?

A
  • A system of regular inspections
  • Builds historical records
  • Helps in planning and prioritizing
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3
Q

What is the Key Plant Key Pest Concept?

A

Main problems for the most important plants

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4
Q

Include all biological information……about what?

A
  • Plants
  • Disease or Insect
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5
Q

What are the Scouting Priorities?

A
  • Focus on Key Plant - Key Pest profiles
  • Follow historic records
  • Consider current environmental conditions
  • follow a regular schedule
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6
Q

There are two types of data….what are they and describe them.

A
  • Qualitative - Yes or No
  • Quantitative - How much or How Many
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7
Q

Visual Inspection

A
  • “Hands and Knees” method
  • Closely examine plants with a hand lens
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8
Q

Take a Picture

A

Use a Digital Camera

Cell Phone camera

Helps build historical records

Can send to diagnostician with plug

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9
Q

Tug Test

A
  • primarily for insect diagnosis
  • Pull on turf and see what happens
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10
Q

When doing a tug test, you tug and nothing happens…you may have:

A

Chinch Bugs or Foliar Disease

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11
Q

When doing a Tug test, you tug and there is nothing to pull, you may have:

A

Root or Crown Disease

Cutworm or Armyworm

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12
Q

When doind a tug test, you tug and it breaks off at the crown, you may have:

A

Billbug

ABW

Anthracnose

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13
Q

When doing the Tug test, you tug and pull the sod up like a rug, you may have:

A

white grubs

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14
Q

Soil Sampling

A
  • Used for Disease and Insect diagnosis
    • Cup Cutter Plug
    • One inch soil cores
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15
Q

What is the measurment of a cup when cut out of the turf?

A

1/10th of a square foot

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16
Q

What are the different ways to sample a plug?

A
  • Incubate the plug for disease
  • Break apart and count beetle larvae
  • Float it in water for chinch bugs
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17
Q

When sampling your soil and detecting insects, what are some ways to have a systematic approach to controling them?

A
  • Use a grid and determine qualitative and quantitatve date for each square
  • Map the Populations & Record them
18
Q

What are 1” soil cores used for?

A
  • for Soil testing…
  • when sending to a lab take at least 25 cores from healthy areas
19
Q

Flotation

A
  • used for insect diagnosis
  • drop cup cutter plug into bucket of water
    • or Tin Can method
  • wait for insects to float
  • count them and record information
20
Q

Incubation

A
  • used for disease diagnosis
  • Put plug in moist chamber
  • look for fuzz
21
Q

Disease Detection Kits

A
  • For Disease diagnosis
  • they come in different formats for different diseases
22
Q

Sweep Net

A
  • for insect pest diagnosis
  • better for Ornamentals than Turf
  • Inverted Leaf Blower can be used to vaccum insects for diagnosis too
23
Q

Clipping Basket

A
  • Insect and Disease Diagnosis
  • examine clippings for fungal signs
    • sclerotia, leaf lesions ets.
  • float clippings for insects
24
Q

Disclosing Solution

A
  • used for insect diagnosis
  • 2 gal. water with 1 oz liquid dish soap (lemon scent)
  • Best on short cut grass and warm, moist soil
  • Pour Solution on turf, it penetrates soil and causes insects to go to surface
25
Q

How can you use disclosing solution to be effective?

A
  • Use a ratings grid to determine your Quantifiable Data
    • avg # of insects per sq. foot
26
Q

Ratings Grid

A
  • Make with PVC and string - 1 sq. yard
  • Used to QUANTIFY data
  • used with disclosing solution
27
Q

Use a Weather Station

A
  • Air Temp
  • Soil Temp
  • ET rate
  • Soil Moisture
  • Rainfall
  • Relative Humidity
28
Q

Sil Moisture Meters

A
  • Tests soil moisture for irrigation needs
  • every site is different
29
Q

Degree Day Models

A
  • Used for insect and weed diagnosis
  • Uses Heat Units to predict activity
30
Q

How can you create your own GDD model?

A

Base of 50 for insects

Base of 32 for seedheads/crabgrass

  • Start March 1st
  • average daily temp
    • subtract Base from avg. daily temp
    • This will give you your GDD # for that day
31
Q

Disease Predictive Models

What are they used for and give an example of one

A
  • for disease diagnosis
  • Rhizoctonia solani
    • Warm Nights
      • Soil temp > 61 deg.
      • Air Temp >59 deg.
    • Extended Leaf Wetness
      • 95% RH for > 10 hours
      • 0.1” rain or irrigation in preceding 36 hours
32
Q

Plant Phenology

What is it and give an example

A
  • Flowering trees or shrubs can help predict insect activity
  • Peak adult emergence of chinch bugs is complete when Sumac is in full bloom
33
Q

Insect traps

Name 3

A
  • Pitfall
  • Blacklight
  • Pheromone
34
Q

How would you set up/use a pitfall trap?

A
  • remove soil core in an out of the way area
  • place a 16oz cup in the hole
  • Catch insects and see what you got and how many
35
Q

Pheromone Trap

What is the limitation of this trap?

A
  • Limitation is that it’s only going to attract the insect that gives off that pheromone
36
Q

What do Black Light Traps do?

A
  • Attracts night flying isects
  • continuous monitoring can identify peak adult flight
37
Q

For night flying insects, what would be the best scouting technique to use and how can you use it to be the most effective?

A

Black Light Traps

By using this and continuously monitoring, you can determine peak adult flights for insects to tell you when the most effective time to treat will be

38
Q

Websites and Newsletters

give a few examples.

A
  • www.turf.rutgers.edu
  • www.gddtracker.net
39
Q

What is Scouting Technique # 15?

A
  • Use Rutgers Plant Diagnostic Lab
40
Q

What is a Scouting Program?

A

A system of regular inspections that builds hitorical records over time that help with planning and prioritizing.

I P M (15 decks)

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