Scientific Principles And Process- Scientific Ethics Flashcards
What is ethics?
The ideas and beliefs about what type of behaviour is morally right and wrong
When considering scientific evidence what may be disputed and what is important?
Judgements and interpretations may be disputed but integrity and honesty are of key importance in science
What does the integrity and honesty of scientific evidence rely on?
The reporting of unbiased presentation of results, citing and providing preferences and avoiding plagiarism
What reduces the opportunity for dishonesty or the deliberate misuse of science?
The replication of experiments by others
Because animals are often used in biological studies what do scientists have a duty to ensure?
That animal suffering is kept to a minimum
How do scientists ensure animal suffering is kept to a minimum?
through the use of the three Rs
What are the three Rs?
Replacement
Reduction
Refinement
What is replacement?
Replacing the animal with an alternative such as tissue cultures or a less sensitive species
What is reduction?
Using the minimum number of animals in order to obtain robust results
What is refinement?
Using methods that minimise potential pain suffering or distress on the animals
When using human subjects what must be ensured?
Human rights
How are human rights adhered to?
Giving informed consent, allowing the right to withdraw and confidentiality
What is informed consent?
The participant is fully aware of the treatment they will be subjected to and is happy to participate
What is the right to withdraw?
The participant has the ability to remove themselves from a trial at any time during the study
What is confidentiality?
Any data collected does not identify the subject and they can remain anonymous also the data is not shared without their consent
