Parental Involvement

Question 1

How is the number of gametes produced by males described?

Answer 1

Large

Question 2

How is the number of gametes produced by females described?

Answer 2

Small

Question 3

How is the size of energy store in males described?

Answer 3

Small

Question 4

How is the size of energy store in females described?

Answer 4

Large

Question 5

When it comes to parental investment in most species is it the male or female who invests the most?

Answer 5

Females

Question 6

Apart from parental investment what do females also have an investment in?

Answer 6

Egg structure in non-mammals or in the uterus and during gestation in mammals

Question 7

Is parental investment costly?

Answer 7

Yes but it increases the probability of production and survival of young

Question 8

How can parental behaviour be classified?

Answer 8

either in the r-selected group or the K-selected group

Question 9

What would the size of the R-selected species be described as?

Answer 9

small with short lifespan

Question 10

What would the size of the K-selected species be described as?

Answer 10

large with long lifespan

Question 11

What would the generation time of the R-selected species be described as?

Answer 11

short

Question 12

What would the generation time of the K-selected species be described as?

Answer 12

long

Question 13

What would the maturation speed of the R-selected species be described as?

Answer 13

quick

Question 14

What would the maturation speed of the K-selected species be described as?

Answer 14

slow

Question 15

What would the amount of reproduction of the R-selected species be described as?

Answer 15

often only once

Question 16

What would the amount of reproduction of the K-selected species be described as?

Answer 16

multiple times

Question 17

What would the number of offspring produced of the R-selected species be described as?

Answer 17

large amount of small offspring

Question 18

What would the number of offspring produced of the K-selected species be described as?

Answer 18

small amount of large offspring

Question 19

What would the level of parental care of the R-selected species be described as?

Answer 19

limited

Question 20

What would the level of parental care of the K-selected species be described as?

Answer 20

high

Question 21

What would the energy input by parents of the R-selected species be described as?

Answer 21

small

Question 22

What would the energy input by parents of the K-selected species be described as?

Answer 22

large

Question 23

What would the offspring survival probability of the R-selected species be described as?

Answer 23

low

Question 24

What would the offspring survival probability of the K-selected species be described as?

Answer 24

high

Question 25

Where do R-selected tend to occur?

Answer 25

in unstable environments where the species has not reached its reproductive capacity

Question 26

Where do K-selected tend to occur?

Answer 26

In stable environments

Question 27

What is the definition of internal fertilisation?

Answer 27

Fertilisation occurs inside the female's body

Question 28

What is the definition if external fertilisation?

Answer 28

Fertilisation occurs outside the female's body

Question 29

What are the benefits of internal fertilisation?

Answer 29

-fewer gametes needed -higher offspring survival rate -offspring can be retained internally for protection and/or development

Question 30

What are the costs of internal fertilisation?

Answer 30

-a suitable mate must be found which requires energy expenditure -require direct transfer of one gamete to another -move parental care so greater parental energy invested in developing young

Question 31

What are the benefits of external fertilisation?

Answer 31

-less/no parental care so no parental energy invested in rearing young -very large numbers of offspring can be produced

Question 32

What are the costs of external fertilisation?

Answer 32

-many gametes predated -many gametes not fertilised -courtship behaviour important to ensure mature sperm meet ripe eggs -few offspring survive