Science unit 3 deck cards Flashcards
Hypotheses (H)
an educated guess based on observation and inferences, but has not been proved.
Theories (T)
an explanation of a set of related observations based on proven hypotheses that have been verified multiple times by separate groups of researchers.
Laws (L)
a factual statement about a scientific discovery that is accepted to be true and universal.
scientists: Rutherford
atom is made up of a nucleus located in the center of the atom surrounded by electrons. nucleus is very small and contains protons.
scientists: Chadwick
mass of an atom is a combination of the neutrons and protons found in the nucleus.
scientists: Democritus
discovered the atom. atoms are invisible.
scientists: Bohr
discovered neutrons. electrons located further away from the nucleus have higher energy than electrons located closer to the nucleus.
scientists: Thomson
atoms contain negatively charged particles called electrons.
scientists: Dalton
all matter was made up of tiny, invisible, solid objects. his theory is known as the billiard ball model of the atom.
scientists: Aristotle
matter is made of earth, water, and air
what is an atom?
an atom is the smallest unit of an element
who discovered protons? where are they located? positive, negative, or neutral?
Rutherford, located in the nucleus, protons are positive
who discovered electrons? where are they located? positive, negative, or neutral?
Thomson, located on the orbitals, electrons are negative
who discovered neutrons? where are they located? positive, negative, or neutral?
Chadwick, located in the nucleus, neutrons are neutral
what is atomic mass?
protons + neutrons
what is the atomic number?
protons
what is standard atomic notation?
atomic weigh: left top
atomic number: left bottom
chemical symbol: middle
what is the Bohr-Rutherford diagram?
protons and electrons are equal (have the same number)
the atomic number becomes the protons and the electrons
atomic weight minus (subtraction) atomic number becomes the neutrons