Science Practical Prep Flashcards
What is the scientific method in order
- Observation/question
- Hypothesis
- Experiment
- Graph
- Evaluate
- Draw Conclusions
What are the components of an experiment in order
Determine…
Independant variable(s)
Dependant variable(s)
Controlled variable(s)
Materials
Method
Risk assessment
What do you need to consider when evaluating an investigation (in order)
Accuracy
Precision
Reliability
Validity
What is accuracy
How true and exact the data is to the final accepted value
What is precision
How well they measured, indicated by how similar data values are to each other
What is reliability
How trustworthy the experiment is, indicated by its consistency across multiple trials and in other experiments as well as who conducted the experiment and the year it was conducted
What is validity
It’s relevance to the question being investigated and the conclusions being made
What are the parts to a risk assessment
Hazard
Risk
Control (prevention and first aid)
Independant variable
The variable you change so that you can observe how the change affects something
Dependant variable
What inevitably will change due to you changing the independant variable - what you are measuring
Controlled variable
A variable you keep the same, making sure it never changes
How do you find the average of a data set
Add all of the data values together and divide the answer by the no. of data values there were
Hypothesis
A statement that pressumes an explanation
Qualitative
An observation that doesn’t involve numbers
Quantitative
An observation that involves numbers
If there is liquid in a test tube and the surface level is concave, do you measure from the base of the curve or the top corners of the curve
The base
What are the parts of a scientific report in order
Aim/abstract
Hypothesis
Materials
Method
Diagram
Risk Assessment
Results
Discussion
Conclusion
Aim/abstract
The purpose of an experiment/what are you investigating and why
Aim structure
The aim of the experiment is to determine whether X is affected by Y
Results
present data in graphs and state your quantitative and qualitative observations
Discussion
Interpretation of results.
- Includes analysis of the data, looking for trends and relationships.
- Look for any problems such as bias, inaccuracy, unreliable data and errors.
- Evaluate the method used, including a discussion of limitations.
- Comment on whether results support or do not support the hypothesis.
State what happened to each type of variable and then evaluate your experiment using the key points:
Accuracy
Precision
Reliability
Validity
Conclusion
Summarise your findings and state whether your hypothesis was proven or disproven.
How is discrete categorical data represented
A bar chart
How is continuous represented
A line graph
Is an outlier included when calculating the average?
No
Structure for describing the trend in a graph
Observation/trend
Quantitative ratio
Restate observation/trend
Limit (when does this stop and start being a trend and)
Quantitative ratio where the trend stops
