science module 11

Question 1

Define Axial skeleton

Answer 1

The portion of the skeleton that supports and protects the head, neck, and trunk

Question 2

Define Appendicular skeleton

Answer 2

The portion of the skeleton that attaches to the axial skeleton and has the limbs attached to it

Question 3

Define Exoskeleton

Answer 3

A body covering, typically made of chitin that provides support and protection.

Question 4

Define Symbiosisa

Answer 4

A close relationship between two or more species where at least one benefits

Question 5

What three things make up the human superstructure?

Answer 5

The muscles, the skeleton, and the skin

Question 6

What are the two main differences between smooth muscles and skeletal muscles?

Answer 6

The skeletal muscles are long and have an orderly, striped appearance, and smooth muscles do not connect to the bone, they form layers to make the organs work.
And under a microscope, the smooth muscles look smooth and unstriped, while skeletal muscles appear rough and striped.

Question 7

Where is cardiac muscle found? Is it an involuntary muscle or a voluntary one?

Answer 7

In the heart, It is involuntary

Question 8

What is produced in the red bone marrow?

Answer 8

It produces the cells in your blood

Question 9

What is keratinization? What is it used for?

Answer 9

It is the process that hardens living cells. It is used to make the outside layer of the epidermis, as well as process that produces your hair, nails, and skin

Question 10

What two principal substances make up bone? What qualities do the each provide to the bone?

Answer 10

Collagen, minerals, they make the bone flexible, hard and strong!

Question 11

What is the difference between compact bone tissue and spongy bone tissue?

Answer 11

Spongey bone tissue has lots of space filled out and lots of fibers, compact bone tissue is packed together tightly.

Question 12

What is the difference between an invertebrate and a vertebrate? Is it possible for an organism to be neither?

Answer 12

Vertebrates have backbones and invertebrates have no backbone. It is possible to be neither.

Question 13

Are your arms part of the appendicular skeleton or the axial skeleton? What about your neck?

Answer 13

The neck is part of the axial skeleton, the arms are part of the appendicular skeleton

Question 14

What is the difference between an endoskeleton and an exoskeleton? What do we call organisms with exoskeletons?

Answer 14

The endoskeleton is the sum total of all bones in the body, the exoskeleton is a body covering.

Question 15

13. Order the following joints in terms of increasing range of motion, then order them in terms of increasing stability

Answer 15

Hinge, saddle, ball and socket. Ball and socket, saddle, hinge

Question 16

What purpose do ligaments serve in the joints? What about cartilage?

Answer 16

They hold the bone in the joint. Cartilage keeps the bone from rubbing against another bone.

Question 17

How do skeletal muscles attach to the skeleton?

Answer 17

The muscles end as tendons, the tendons attach to the muscle

Question 18

Describe how the sternocleidomastoid and posterior triangle muscles on each side of the neck work together in order to tilt the head

Answer 18

When one group contracts the other relaxes

Question 19

Are the muscles in your stomach smooth muscles or skeletal muscles?

Answer 19

smooth

Question 20

When it is budding, a sunflower will actually turn throughout the day so that it follows the sun across the sky. What is the term we use to describe this?

Answer 20

phototropism

Question 21

What are the two main functions of hair?

Answer 21

Insulation, and sensation

Question 22

What are the two main functions of sweat?

Answer 22

Cooling, and feeds bacteria and fungi on the skin

Question 23

Why do your skin cells constantly fall of your body?

Answer 23

The cells on the outer layer are dead

Question 24

What do the sebaceous glands produce, and what are the substance’s two main purposes?

Answer 24

Oil, it softens the skin and hair, and to protect our skin from harmful bacteria from attaching to our skin.