Module 16

Question 1

A. Define Autonomic nervous system

Answer 1

the system of nerves that carries instructions from the CNS to the bodys smooth muscles, cardiac muscle, and glands

Question 2

B. Define Sensory nervous system

Answer 2

The system of nerves that carries information from the body’s receptors to the CNS

Question 3

C. Define Somatic motor nervous system

Answer 3

The system of nerves that carries Instructions from the CNS to the skeletal muscles

Question 4

2. What are the two main types of cells in the human nervous system?

Answer 4

Neurons and neuroglia

Question 5

3. Identify the structures pointed out in this diagram of a neuron. See figure

Answer 5

A dendrites B nucleus C cell body D Axon E myelin sheath

Question 6

4. What do dendrites do?

Answer 6

Dendrites carry electrical signals to the cell body.

Question 7

5. What do axons do?

Answer 7

5. What do axons do?

Question 8

6. What is a synapse?

Answer 8

A synapse is a small gap between the axon of the neuron and the receiving end of another cell.

Question 9

7. Explain how a signal crosses from the axon of a neuron to the receiving cell.

Answer 9

When the electrical signal reaches the end f the axon, neurotransmitters are released. They travel across the synapse. One they reach the receiving cell, they create a new electrical signal

Question 10

8. What is the function of neuroglia?

Answer 10

Neuroglia’s support the neurons by performing task that make it possible for the neurons to do their job.

Question 11

9. A nerve runs down the leg. Carrying signals to and from the foot. Is it a part of the PNS or the CNS?

Answer 11

The nerve is a part of the PNS

Question 12

10. What two main structures make up the CNS?

Answer 12

The CNS is made up of the brain and the spinal cord.

Question 13

11. What two things discussed in this module protect the brain?

Answer 13

The skull and the cerebrospinal fluid

Question 14

12. What protects the spinal cord?

Answer 14

The vertebral column

Question 15

13. What is the brain’s gray matter composed of?

Answer 15

The neuron cell bodies

Question 16

14. What is the brain’s white matter composed of?

Answer 16

The axons of neurons

Question 17

15. What is the unction of the corpus callosum?

Answer 17

Allows the two sides of the brain to communicate with one another

Question 18

16. What does the cerebellum primarily control?

Answer 18

Skeletal muscle movement

Question 19

17. What part of the brain deals mostly with higher-level thinking skills?

Answer 19

The cerebrum

Question 20

18. Do the two sides of the brain do exactly the same things?

Answer 20

The two sides of the brain do not do exactly the same thing

Question 21

19. What side of the PNS does the left side of the brain control?

Answer 21

The right side of the PNS

Question 22

20. What is the blood –brain barrier and why is it important?

Answer 22

A system that “insulates” the brain from the blood, it is important because many of the chemicals in our blood are toxic to brain cells

Question 23

21. What does the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system do?

Answer 23

Increases the rate and strength of the heart beat and raises the blood pressure. It also stimulates the liver to release more glucose in the blood, producing quick energy for the “fight or flight” response

Question 24

22. What does the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system do?

Answer 24

Slows the heart rate and thus lowers the blood pressure. In addition, it takes care of curtain “housekeeping” activities such as causing the stomach to churn while it is digesting a meal