module 4.2

Question 1

a. Simple machine

Answer 1

a device that either multiplies or redirects a force

Question 2

b. Force:

Answer 2

a push or pull exerted on an object in an effort to change that object’s velocity

Question 3

c. Mechanical advantage

Answer 3

the amount by which force or motion is magnified in a simple machine

Question 4

d. Diameter:

Answer 4

the length of a straight line that travels from one side of a circle to another and passes through the center of the circle

Question 5

e. Circumference:

Answer 5

the distance around a circle,

Question 6

2. How is applied science different from science?

Answer 6

Motive, applied science, the goal is to make something better, in science, the goal is simply to learn.

Question 7

3. What gives rise to technology?

Answer 7

Technology can result from accident, science, or applied science

Question 8

4. Identify each of the following as a science experiment or an applied science experiment:
   a. An experiment to determine how to make electronic circuits smaller
   b. An experiment to understand what factors affect how electricity runs in an electronic circuit.
   c. An experiment to figure out how to reduce electronic noise in an electronic circuit
   d. An experiment to figure out the speed of electrons as they flow through aAn electronic circuit

Answer 8

A and C are applied Science experiments, because the goal is to make something better, experiments B and D are science experiments, because the goal is to learn something

Question 9

5. Which of the following would be considered technology?
   a. A classification scheme for all animals
   b. A vaccination that will keep all animals from contracting the flu
   c. A new diet for dogs that will lead to longer life
   d. An understanding of what causes urinary tract infections in cats

Answer 9

B and C are technology, A and D are just pieces of information

Question 10

6. List the six types of simple machines.

Answer 10

The lever, the pulley, the wheel and axle, the inclined plane, the wedge, and the screw.

Question 11

7. Which two simple machines look identical?

Answer 11

The inclined plane, and the single wedge

Question 12

8. What is the mechanical advantage of a first class lever in which the fulcrum is 1 inches from the resistance and 40 inches from the effort?

Answer 12

The for levers, the mechanical advantage equations is (distance from fulcrum to effort) devided (distance from fulcrum to resistance)

Question 13

9. What does the mechanical advantage in problem #8 mean?

Answer 13

The mechanical advantage means that the effort is magnified by 4

Question 14

10. A shovel is an example of a lever. To what class does it belong?

Answer 14

Third class lever

Question 15

11. A child’s see saw is a lever. To what class does it belong?

Answer 15

First class lever

Question 16

12. What is the mechanical advantage of a wheel and axle when the wheel has a diameter of 15 inches and the axle has a diameter of 3 inches?

Answer 16

The mechanical advantage of a wheel and axel = (diamerter of the wheel) devided (diameter of the axel)

Question 17

13. If a person turned the wheel of the wheel and axel in problem #12, what would the mechanical advantage do?

Answer 17

The applied force will be magnified 5 times

Question 18

14. If a person turned the wheel in problem #12 , what would the mechanical advantage do?

Answer 18

The wheel will move at 5 times the speed of the axel.

Question 19

15. A block and tackle is composed of six pulleys that all work together. What is the mechanical advantage of the block and tackle system?

Answer 19

The mechanical advantage of a block and tackle is simply the number of pullyes that work together.

Question 20

16. Using the block and tackle system in problem #15, how many feet of rope would have to be pulled of a person wanted to life a load 1 foot

Answer 20

6 feet

Question 21

17. What is the mechanical advantage of an inclined plane with a slope of 6 feet and a height of 2 feet?

Answer 21

The mechanical advantage of an inclined plane is given by: (length of slope) devided (height)

Question 22

18. What is the mechanical advantage of a wedge with the same demensions as the inclined plane in problem #17

Answer 22

The same procces as inclined plane

Question 23

19. A screw with a pitch of 0.1 inches is turned with a screwdriver whose diameter is 2 inches. What is the mechanical advantage?

Answer 23

(Screwdriver circumference) times (diameter)

Question 24

20. If you are having a hard time turning a screw, should you get a longer screw driver or a fatter one?

Answer 24

Fatter screw driver