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GRADE 10 SECOND GRADING > Science GA 2.1 Reproductive > Flashcards

Science GA 2.1 Reproductive Flashcards

1
Q

-Refers to the presence of a single set of chromosomes in an organism’s cells

A

Haploid

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2
Q

-Refers to the presence of two complete sets of chromosomes in an organism’s cells, with each parent contributing a chromosome to each pair

A

Diploid

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3
Q

To regulate the function of the testes, two hormones are secreted by the anterior pituitary gland found in the brain

A

True

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4
Q

Stimulates the secretion of male sex hormone
-Secretion

A

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

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5
Q

Along with testosterone, stimulates sperm production in the seminiferous tubules
-Production

A

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

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6
Q

-Responsible for developing secondary male characteristics during puberty
-Regulate sex drive (libido), bone mass, fat distribution, muscle mass and strength, and the production of red blood cells and sperm

A

Testosterone

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7
Q

Is the white fluid that comes out from the penis, that process is also known as ejaculation when sexual intercourse culminates.

A

Semen

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8
Q

Is the male reproductive cell and is only a component of semen, which is very important if you are trying to have children

A

Sperm

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9
Q

-Helps the sperm to penetrate the zona pellucida layer of the ovum and enter the cytoplasm of the ovum, so that nucleus of sperm and the ovum can fuse

A

Acrosome

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10
Q

-A very important structure that functions to protect sperm against extracellular injuries and to respond to physiological challenges

A

Cell Membrane

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11
Q

-Contains the genetic material in a sperm cell

A

Nucleus

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12
Q

-It produces energy in the sperm and pushes it to move

A

Mitochondria

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13
Q

-Propels the sperm toward the egg

A

Tail(Flagellum)

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14
Q

-Secretes alkaline fluid that neutralizes the acids present in the female reproductive system
-Neutralizes the acidity of the vaginal tract to prolong lifespan of sperm
-Produces some of the fluid that carries sperm during ejaculation

A

Prostate Gland

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15
Q

-Secrete a fluid rich in sugar that sperm cells use for energy

A

Seminal Vesicles

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16
Q

-Secrete alkaline fluid that traces of acidic urine in the urethra
-Produces a pre-ejaculate that cleanses and lubricates the urethra prior to the arrival of the semen

A

Bulbourethral Glands

17
Q

How much is released during ejaculation

A

-3.5 milliliters of semen
-300 to 400 million sperm cells
-5 to 10 million in just one drop

18
Q

-Triggers the development of secondary female characteristics and it stimulates egg development
-Activates the growth and overall development of a woman’s ovaries
-It also regulates the beginning of a woman’s menstrual cycle, which indicates that the reproduction system has reached maturity
-Regulates the menstrual cycle

A

Estrogen

19
Q

-Also known as the pregnancy hormone in females
-Prepares the lining on the uterus for the fertilized egg to implant and grow
-Hormone that supports pregnancy

A

Progesterone

20
Q

-Is the first discharge of the blood from the vagina

A

Menarche

21
Q

-When the sperm is been deposited inside the female reproductive tract during copulation, and fertilization has occurred, the role of the male reproductive system is complete

A

Gestation/Pregnancy

22
Q

-Are the eggs made produced in the female reproductive system
-All females are born with approximately 2 million eggs they will produce in a lifetime but only 300 to 500 will mature and are then called ___

A

Ova (singular: Ovum)

23
Q

-If fertilization occurs, the fertilized ovum is now called the

A

Zygote

24
Q
  • The ovaries prepare the female body each month to make pregnancy possible
    -Occurs in two distinct phases or changes
A

The Ovarian Cycle

25
Q

-Is the longest phase of your menstrual cycle. It lasts from the first 14 to 21 days. During this phase, your ovaries house a developing egg they will later release during ovulation
-This process starts if FSH(Follicle Stimulating Hormone) and LH(Luteinizing Hormone) is released by the anterior pituitary gland

A

Follicular Phase

26
Q

-Begins after you ovulate
-The dominant follicle that releases an egg at ovulation changes into a structure called the corpus luteum.
-The corpus luteum produces progesterone, along with some estrogen
-Progesterone levels increase in the luteal phase, which help thicken the lining of your uterus

A

Luteal Phase

27
Q

-The dominant follicle that releases an egg at ovulation changes into a structure
-Produces progesterone, along with some estrogen

A

Corpus Luteum

28
Q
  • Invades the epithelial lining of the vagina and the urethra
    -This disease can be treated with antibiotics
    -Infects the mucous membranes of the reproductive tract, including the cervix, uterus, and fallopian tubes in women, and the urethra in women and men
A

Neisseria Gonorrhea

29
Q

-Discharged caused by gonorrhea

A

Pus

30
Q

-A sexually transmitted disease caused by Treponema pallidum
-This disease can be cured in the early stages but may lead to serious complications when left untreated

A

Syphilis

30
Q

-Is contracted by babies born to an infected mother
-Antibiotics are used to treat the initial stages of syphilis and stop it from progressing

A

Congenital Syphilis

31
Q
  • This bacterium causes infection when it gets into broken skin or mucus membranes, usually of the genitals
    -Cause of syphilis
A

Treponema Pallidum

32
Q

-Is caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (Human Immunodeficiency Virus), which attacks the immune system
-The first case was in 1981 but is still present today since no cure is available
-There is a latency period of 5 to 10 years
-There is no known cure but prompt medical attention can reduce or delay the onset of serious complications

A

AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome)

33
Q

-The infection is characterized by painful, itching lesions, and blister-like eruptions in the genital area that occur 10 days after exposure to the infected sexual partner
-These sores take about two weeks to heal and may recur
- Some infected individuals may not experience signs and symptoms and yet may be contagious
- The virus may stay dormant in the body but may activate due to stress or illness
-Is incurable
-Is caused by herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2)

A

Genital Herpes

34
Q

-The process by which sperm cell production occurs

A

Spermatogenesis

35
Q

-Comprise the bulk (80%) of the testis mass and are responsible for developing germ cells
-Support cells include Sertoli cells, fibrocyte, and myoid cells

A

Seminiferous Tubules

36
Q

Libido

A

The desire for sex

GRADE 10 SECOND GRADING (25 decks)

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