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Revision Cards Y7 > Science 4 - Sound Waves > Flashcards

Science 4 - Sound Waves Flashcards

1
Q

Define wave

A
  • an oscillation or vibration

- transfers energy or information

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2
Q

Define amplitude

A

Distance from the middle to the top/bottom of a wave

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3
Q

Define the frequency in a wave

A

How often the oscillations occur in a measured amount of time

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4
Q

Define peak/crest

A

Top of the wave

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5
Q

Define trough

A

Bottom of a wave

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6
Q

Define wavelength

A

The distance between either two peaks/troughs of a wave

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7
Q

Define transverse waves

A

Particles move up and down perpendicular to the direction of the energy transfer

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8
Q

Define perpendicular

A

Is when two lines meet at 90 degrees

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9
Q

Give an example of a transverse wave

A
  • earthquakes
  • slinky
  • rope
  • water ripple
  • *light/sunlight (best)
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10
Q

Define a longitudinal wave

A

It’s particles move parallel to the direction of the energy transfer

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11
Q

Define parallel

A

When to lines move/are alongside each other. The lines will never meet.

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12
Q

Give some examples of longitudinal waves

A
  • *all sounds(best)
  • earthquakes
  • vibrations during thunder
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13
Q

Define compressions

A

Oscillations are close together

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14
Q

Define rarefaction

A

Oscillations are further away from each other

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15
Q

Define medium

A

A substance that sound has to travel through in order to be heard or reach our ears. E.g solids, liquids, gases

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16
Q

Define a vacuum

A
  • Is an empty space
  • has no medium
  • sound waves can’t travel through it
17
Q

What is the fastest medium for sounds to travel through

A

Solid because:

  • the particles are close together
  • they will vibrate together passing the oscillations.
  • Creating the sound to pass quicker and louder
18
Q

Speed of sound travelling through a solid ( metres per second)

A

Solids= 5000m/s

19
Q

Speed of sound travelling through a liquid ( metres per second)

A

Liquid = 1500m/s

20
Q

Speed of sound travelling through a gas (metres per second)

A

Gas= 340m/s

21
Q

Speed of light (metres per second)

A

Light= 3 million m/s

22
Q

What would you see/hear thunder or lightening

A

Lightening because it travels at 3 million m/s

23
Q

Define pitch

A
  • The frequency is another name for this
  • the more waves you see the higher the pitch/frequency
  • can also be the degree of how high or low something is
24
Q

Define oscilloscope

A

A machine that is used to measure/records oscillations in so you can observe/view

25
Q

Define vibration/oscillations

A

-particles move and create a sound

26
Q

Define loud

A
  • is when the amplitude of a wave is really long/high
27
Q

Define quiet

A

When the amplitude of a wave is short

28
Q

Define Hertz

A

Measurements in which you measure sound in

- also know as Hz

29
Q

Name the three mini bones that make up the ossicles

A

Hammer, Anvil and Stapes

30
Q

What does the cochlea do

A

Changes sound waves into a nerve signal to the brain

31
Q

How to recover from damaging the eardrums

A

Do not further irritate by listening to music for at least 3 months

32
Q

What is infrasound

A

Is the range that is too quiet for humans to hear

Ranges from 20Hz and below

33
Q

What is the audible range

A

It is the range that humans can hear

It starts from 20Hz to 20,000 (20KHz)

34
Q

What is the ultrasound range

A

The range that is too loud for humans too hear

Starts from 20KHz and above

35
Q

What is a reflected sound

A
  • An echo

- the time taken to for the echo to be heard again and return can be used to workout how far away the object is

36
Q

How to find out the distance to object

A

Step 1:
Total distance travelled by sound = speed of sound from medium (m/s) x time taken to hear the echo

Step 2:
Distance to object = total distance travelled by sound divided by 2

37
Q

What is a reverberation

A

The multiple blended repetitions of a sound

38
Q

Ultrasound uses

A

Doctors- study foetus, abdominal+pelvic organs, muscles+tendons, heart and blood vessels
Ships- to detect fish and nearby sea beds, bounces of the objects and send the sound waves back for the ship to know

39
Q

How can ultrasounds be analysed

A

Using a small probe called transducer and gel
Place directly onto skin or sin at object
High frequency waves travel from probe to gel onto skin or into matter
Waves will bounce off of whatever is in the way send the waves back indicating something it near

Revision Cards Y7 (26 decks)

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