Reproductive systems Flashcards
What is the fallopian used for
It holds the egg whilst it gets ready to be released into the uterus to either be fertilised or leave the body as period
What is the uterus used for
It is an organ as well as a muscle used to hold the fertilised egg during a pregnancy
Define implantation
The fertilised egg attaches to the lining of the uterus
Define penis
It is the male genital organ that helps urine to exit and to reproduce
What is the sperm cells total magnification
Picture size(mm) divided magnification (1000)
Define Amnion
Is the sac that hold the babyand the amniotic fluid
Define placenta
Is an organ attached to the baby which helps to provide nutrients
Define foetus
It is the fertilised egg that is attached to the mother via the umbilical cord
Define testes
They produce sperm cells and are placed outside of the body
What is the scrotum
It is a thin layer of skin used to protect the testes
What is the total magnification of the egg cell
Picture size divided (mm) by (500)
Define ejaculation
Semen is released from the sperm into the vagina
Define Fertilisation
Is the process of when the egg and sperm cell meet/join
What can uterine lining be used for in the reproductive system
The fertilised egg implant itself into the lining so it can grow
Define umbilical cord
The cord allows food and oxygen to enter the baby and carries waste product and carbon dioxide out of the baby so she can release it
Define embryo
It is the fertilised egg that has implanted itself into the uterus lining
Define std
It is the sexually transmitted disease which is also a deadly infection
Define contraception
Is what is used to prevent a pregnancy
Define Amniotic fluid
Is the fluid that helps to protect the baby
Define zygote
It is the fertilised egg
Summary: what carries sperm out of the body
The penis
What are gametes
Is the specific cell that are used in the process of reproduction
Define cilia
The little hairs that line the uterus
What is the vagina
It is a reproductive organ the can release the egg, give birth to a baby or urinate out of
What is an ovary
They produce egg cells
What is another name for the Fallopian tube
Oviduct
Sperm cells
Contain male genetic material
Sperm duct
Tube that carries sperm from testes to urethra
Scrotum
Bag of skin that hold the testes
Semen
Fluid containing sperm
Testes
Produce sperm and male sex hormone
Sexual intercourse
The process where the penis releases semen into the vagina
Urethra
Tube that carries urine or sperm out of the body
Cervix
- ring of muscle at the entrance of the uterus
- keeps baby in place during pregnancy
Male glands
-produce nutrients that help to keep sperm alive
Erection
- penis swells with blood
- bladder cannot empty at this time
Fertilisation
Process when the sperm cell joins with the egg cell
Implantation
Embryo attaches to the uterus lining
Gestation
Pregnancy
Foetus
-name given to unborn baby form eight weeks of development
Placenta
- organ that passes nutrients from mother to baby
- prevents any harmful substances touching the baby
Affects of smoking and drinking alcohol on baby
- smoking = baby being born earlier
- alcohol = damage to baby’s brain
Baby’s development :
- 1 week = cells specialise
- 4 weeks = spine, brain form + heart beats
- 9 weeks = foetus = tiny movement + eyes etc. from
- 12 weeks = uses muscles to kick
Period
Loss of uterus lining through vagina
Menstrual cycle
- woman’s monthly cycle
- uterus lining thickens
- then breaks down if egg is not fertilised
- lasts 28 days
Ovulation
-release of egg from ovary
Contraception
-method of preventing pregnancy
Contraceptive pull
- chemical method of contraception
- contains hormones that stop ovulation
Condoms
- barrier method of contraception
- prevents stds
Menstrual cycle process
- day 1 = blood from uterus lining leaves
- day 5 = bleeding stop, lining re grows
- day. 14 = egg is released from ovary and travels to oviduct
Changes of uterus whilst baby develops
- increase in size
- stretches
- placenta develops
- develops amniotic fluid
How is the placenta adapter to support baby
- large surface area for diffusion
- capillaries of baby and mother are very close together for diffusion
- rich blood supply
How can having one blocked oviduct affect chances of pregnancy
- halves chances
- only one ovum available at a time
- sperm cannot reach the ovum
