Science 3 Particles Flashcards
Define materials
All materials are made up of small particles. Many of them can be mixed with other materials
Define substance
Some materials are not mixtures because they are made up of one substance - a substance is made up of only one material
Define mixtures
Many materials are mixtures because they are made up of different materials
Define solids
Particles that are squished together and move around very slightly. They are very strong items.
Define liquids
Are particles that are slightly further away from each other than the solid’s particles are. They also move around more and their attachment to each other is weaker
Define gases
- widely spaced out
- move around freely
- connections between the particles are fairly weak
- you can compress them
Can you compress a solid
No because the particles are already tightly packed
- you can’t press them against each other anymore
Properties of a gas
- easily squashed
- particles far apart
- particles move freely in all directions
- weak forces of attraction between particles
- no fixed volume, no fixed shape
- particles can move over each other
Properties of a liquid
- not easily squashed
- fixed volume, shape can change
- particles close together
Properties of a solid
- strong forces of attraction between particles
- volume and shape cannot change
- not easily squashed
- particles quite close together
- particles vibrate in fixed position
Define melting
- is a change of state from solid to liquid
Define melting point
- temperature at which a substance melts
- used to identify substances and their states
Define freezing
Is a change of state from liquid to solid
Define freezing point
Is the temperature at which a substance freezes at
How/ whydoes ice melt in your hand
- the heat of hand transfers to the ice
- particles vibrate faster and interactions become weaker
- particles further away from each other breaking their solid pattern turning it into a liquid
Are particles in the same substances the same
Yes
The difference between a gas and a liquid
- particles are arranged differently
- gas particles are spread out more and behave freely
- liquid particles are more close together but still move around
- liquid particles have a strong connection towards each other
What is the change of the state called from a solid changing into a liquid
Melting
What is the change of state from a liquid to a solid is a…
Freezing
Define change of state
Is the transition from a solid to a liquid or a liquid to a solid
Define condensation
- is when two gases particles come together
- is the change of the physical state of matter from the gas phase into the liquid phase,
Define deposition
- when a gas skips the liquid stage and changes directly into a solid
Define sublimation
When a solid skips the liquid stage and changes into a gas
Define precipitation
- only occurs in the water cycle
- when the droplets fall.
Define diffusion
- is where the particles spread out or mixing
Define low concentration
Where the particles are more spread out
Define high concentration
Where they are compact
Define evaporation
Particles weaken and escape the surroundings
Define gas pressure
- Is when the particles gain so much energy
- they collide into each other and the side of the container
- eventually burst
Define particle collisions
Particles merge or bump into each other
Define pressure
- particles are in a container with not much space to move around as they would like
- it is when the particles are in limited space
- the particles become excited and collide into each other
- pressure builds up and leads to bursting
