School Aged Children

Question 1

school aged children years

Answer 1

6 to 12 years

Question 2

school aged begins with..

Answer 2

losing the first tooth

Question 3

school aged ends with…

Answer 3

puberty with final permanent tooth

Question 4

permanent teeth erupt by

Answer 4

6 years

Question 5

height and weight changes

Answer 5

height increases by 2 inches (5cm) per year
weight increases by 4.4-6.6 (2-3kg) lbs per year

Question 6

anatomical changes of school aged children

Answer 6

immune system improves
bones ossify
bladder capacity increases
heart is smaller than rest of body

Question 7

prepubescence

Answer 7

primary and secondary sex characteristics start to develop
occurs 2 years before puberty
in general= 8-12 yrs
girls 2 yrs earlier than boys (girls=8-10, boys=10-12)

Question 8

puberty

Answer 8

full maturation of primary sex characteristics (now capable of sexual reproduction)
for boys= sperm production, 12-14 yrs
for girls= first menstrual cycle, 10-12 yrs

Question 9

primary sex characteristics

Answer 9

necessary for reproduction

Question 10

secondary sex characteristics

Answer 10

deciphers females from males but not needed for reproduction

Question 11

girl primary sex characteristics

Answer 11

vagina
ovaries fully developed (menstruation starts, puberty achieved)

Question 12

girl secondary sex characteristics

Answer 12

1. breast buds develop (prepubescence starts here, 8-10)
2. pubic hair
3. axillary hair
4. breasts fully developed (menstruation starts, puberty achieved)

Question 13

for girls, puberty is achieved when

Answer 13

breasts and ovaries are fully developed
and menstruation starts

Question 14

boy primary sex characteristics

Answer 14

testes (prepubescence starts when begin to enlarge, 10-12yrs)
sperm produced
scrotum

Question 15

boy secondary sex characteristics

Answer 15

pubic hair
axillary hair
facial hair
voice deepens (nearing puberty)

Question 16

for boys, puberty is achieved when

Answer 16

sperm is produced
and testes and scrotum are fully developed

Question 17

school aged psychosocial stage

Answer 17

industry vs inferiority
stage of accomplishment
peer approval is a strong motivator

Question 18

cognitive development

Answer 18

concrete operations
masters conservation
ego mastery (between id and superego)
conceptual thinking (able to make judgements based on reason)
like rules and restrictions

Question 19

relationships for school aged children

Answer 19

1. parents are primary influence
2. school is second most influential factor

Question 20

play of school aged children

Answer 20

team play/sports!!
see the need for rules
form groups/cliques
quiet games and activities

Question 21

self concept

Answer 21

a conscious awareness of a variety of self perceptions (abilities, values, appearances)

Question 22

body image

Answer 22

what children think about their bodies (increased awareness of differences may influence inferiority)

Question 23

need to be in booster seat until

Answer 23

4 feet 9 inches tall

Question 24

4-6 yrs vaccines

Answer 24

5th dose of DTaP
4th dose of polio (IPV)
2nd dose of MMR
2nd dose of varicella

Question 25

11-12 yrs vaccines

Answer 25

1st dose of tDAP
1st dose meningococcal
1st dose HPV(optional)

Question 26

enuresis

Answer 26

bedwetting
usually stops btw 6-8 yrs
more common in boys
dx: 5yrs+, occurs 2+ times per week for 3 months
causes: physical (UTI, impaired kidneys, diabetes, sickle cell), emotional (voluntary)
treat: bladder training, fluid restriction in evenings, wake up overnight, drugs

Question 27

enuresis drugs

Answer 27

oxybutynin
imipramine (Tofranil)
desmopressin- synthetic vasopressin

Question 28

bladder capacity calculation

Answer 28

age + 2 = capacity in oz

Question 29

oz to mL

Answer 29

1 oz = 30 mL

Question 30

adult bladder capacity

Answer 30

450-500 mL

Question 31

stress fractures

Answer 31

small cracks in bones
dx: bone scan, observation
causes: repetitive pounding or excessive force.
symptoms: sharp, persistent, deep dull ache

Question 32

overuse syndrome

Answer 32

strains and sprains, shin splints, tennis elbow
cause: repetitive microtrauma to muscles/tendons
symptoms: pain, tenderness, swelling, disability

Question 33

ADHD

Answer 33

inability to control behaviors hallmarked by inattention, impulsivity, hyperactivity
insufficient amounts of dopamine or norepi
interventions: behavioral plan, minimize distractions, praise child

Question 34

ADHD meds

Answer 34

nervous system stimulants that release dopamine and norepi
ex: methylphenidate, Adderall, Strattera
do not give at night
may cause lack of appetite
can have vacation days
must be at least 4yrs old to take

Question 35

turner syndrome

Answer 35

absence of one X chromosome
occurs only in females
signs: sterile, amenorrhea, afertile, short, no secondary sex characteristics, webbed neck, shield shaped chest, low posterior hairline, widely spaced nipples
DO have vagina, ovaries, uterus
dx: genetic testing, when significant puberty delay
treat: estrogen therapy

Question 36

klinefelter sundrom

Answer 36

XXY (presence of one of more additional X chromosome)
occurs in males only
defective development of secondary sex characteristics (less body hair, small testes, broad hips)
azoospermia=infertility
dx: genetic testing, when delayed puberty or infertility
treat: testosterone therapy

Question 37

amenorrhea

Answer 37

abnormal absence of menstruation

Question 38

primary amenorrhea

Answer 38

no secondary sex characteristics and no menarche by 14-15 or secondary sex characteristics present and no menarches by 16-16.5
causes: chromosomal or genetic problems, hormonal issues with hypothalamus or pituitary

Question 39

secondary amenorrhea

Answer 39

absence of menses for 6 mo or absence of 3 cycles
causes: birth control, ED

Question 40

dysmenorrhea

Answer 40

painful menstruation
causes: endometriosis, uterine cysts/fibroids
manage: NSAIDs, estrogen therapy, oral contraceptives, diet changes, exercise

Question 41

school phobia

Answer 41

extreme reluctance to attend school for a sustained period as a result of severe anxiety or fear
treatment depends on cause
symptoms: HA, “not feeling well”, stomach ache
symptoms relieve when at home or on weekends/holidays