Care of Infants Flashcards
weight changes
gain 5-7oz per week, 1.5lb per month
double weight by 6 mo
triple weight by 12 mo
infant
birth to 12 mo
height changes
increases by 1in per month for first 6 mo
double birth length by 12 mo
head growth
circumference increases 1.5cm per month for first 6 mo
skull growth
plates fuse completely by 18 mo
anterior fontanel: 2-3mo
posterior fontanel: 12-18mo
plagiocephaly
one side of head is flattened
brachycephaly
back of head is flattened
scaphocephaly
early closure of saggital suture
peak at center of head
craniosynostosis
premature fusing of frontal skull bones
needs to be surgically corrected
head and chest circumference equal by…
end of 1st year
last 2 organs to develop in utero
lungs
liver
physiological anemia
for first 5 mo, RBC circulate
RBC live normally for 120 days
infants grasp objects by
2 to 3 mo
infants have palmar grasp by
6 mo
infants can transfer objects btw hands by
7 mo
infants have pincer grasp by
10 mo
dominant hand is evident by
9 mo
infants can remove objects from a container by
11 mo
infants can build a tower of 2 blocks by
12 mo
infants can turn book page by
12 mo
head lag test
pull to sit test
there should be no head lag by 2mo
an infant should roll from front to back by
5 mo
an infant should roll from back to front by
6 mo
an infant should move from prone to a sitting position by
10 mo
red flag for gross motor development
if infant cannot pull self up to standing position by 12 mo
theoretical stages of the infant
trust vs mistrust (psychosocial)
sensorimotor (cognitive)
oral stage (psychosexual)
stranger anxiety develops at
4-6 mo
infants play peek a boo at
8 mo
infants play patty cake at
11 mo
infant verbalization
babbling by 2mo
dada, mama by 8mo
understand “no” by 10mo
temperament
behavior style
affected by environment and family
RITQ
Revised Infant Temperament Questionnare
designed for infants under 4mo
teething
erupt at 6-10 mo
first teeth= lower incisors
next= upper incisors
by 3 yrs= all 20 teeth
teeth equation
age of child in mo - 6 = number of baby teeth
breastfeeding guidelines
should breastfeed exclusively for first 6 mo of life
no need for additional fluids in first 4 mo
if your baby is breast fed…
daily supplement of vit D
give fluoride supplement if mom’s water supply does not contain fluoride
need iron supplement if exclusively breastfed passed 4 mo
storing feeding
premixed formula: room temp
home mixed formula= fridge and good for 24hrs
breast milk= fridge for 3 days, freezer for .., fresh for 1 hr
introducing new foods
solids after 6 mo
finger foods at 9 mo
wean from breast/bottle to cup after 1 yr
whole milk at 12 mo
ibuprofen should only be used…
in infants over 6 mo
cognitive development of infant
sensorimotor (birth to 24mo)
separation
object permanence (9-10mo)
mental representation
psychosocial development of infant
trust vs mistrust
failure to learn delayed gratification leads to mistrust
achieving trust is based on quality of care
immunizations at birth
Hep B
immunizations at 2 mo
DTaP
rotavirus
inactivated poliovirus
Hib
pneumococcal vaccine
Hep B
immunizations at 4 mo
DTaP
rotavirus
inactivated poliovirus (IPV)
Hib
pneumococcal vaccine (PCV)
immunizations at 6 mo
DTaP
IPV
PCV
rotavirus
Hep B
Hib
immunizations btw 6 and 12 mo
seasonal influenza annually
