Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pediatrics > Cerebral Dysfunction > Flashcards

Cerebral Dysfunction Flashcards

1
Q

cranial nerves

A
  1. Olfactory
  2. Optic
  3. Oculomotor
  4. Trochlear
  5. Trigeminal
  6. Abducens
  7. Facial
  8. Vestibulocochlear
  9. Glossopharyngeal
  10. Vagus
  11. Accessory
  12. Hypoglossal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

cranial nerve 1

A

olfactory
close eyes and inhale, do each nostril

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

cranial nerve 2

A

optic
central and peripheral vision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

cranial nerve 3

A

oculomotor
pupillary constriction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

cranial nerve 4

A

trochlear
follow my finger as i move down towards tip of pts nose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

cranial nerve 5

A

trigeminal
assess jaw strength

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

cranial nerve 6

A

abducens
eye movement to sides, assess six cardinal directions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

cranial never 7

A

facial
facial expressions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

cranial nerve 8

A

vestibulocochlear
rub fingers together by each ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

cranial nerve 9

A

glossopharyngeal
say ahhh, gag reflex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

cranial nerve 10

A

vagus
swallow and speak

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

cranial nerve 11

A

accessory
neck and shoulder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

cranial nerve 12

A

hypoglossal
stick out tongue and move side to side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

normal PERRLA

A

pupils…
equal
round (2-3mm)
reactive to light (brisk)
movements are parallel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

abnormal PERRLA

A

pupils…
sluggish (slow constriction)
pinpoint (overdose)
sudden fixed and dilated (neuro emergency)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

levels of consciousness

A

full consciousness
confusion
disorientation
lethargy
obtunded (arousable only to stimulation)
stupor (arousable only to vigorous stimulation/sternal rub/pinch fingernail bed)
coma
persistent vegetative state

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

red flag LOC

A

lack of response to painful stimuli

18
Q

can start assessing extremity strength at…

A

toddler / preschool age

19
Q

decorticate posturing

A

cerebral cortex damage
flexion
arms held tightly to body
feet plantar

20
Q

decerebrate posturing

A

brainstem damage
extension
hands pronated
back is arched

21
Q

pediatric glasgow coma scale

A

eyes (1-5)
verbal response (1-5)
motor response (1-5)
15= unaltered
less than 8= coma
less than 3= extreme

22
Q

normal ICP for children

A

1-10 mmHg

23
Q

early signs of increased ICP for infants

A

tense and bulging fontanels!!
irritability
poor feeding
distended scalp veins
separated cranial sutures

24
Q

early signs of increased ICP for children

A

diplopia (double vision)
HA
nausea w or w/out vomit

25
Q

late signs of increased ICP

A

bradycardia
decreased LOC
alterations in pupil size
cheyne stokes respirations

26
Q

RN interventions for increased ICP

A

HOB 30+
avoid activities that may increase ICP
eliminate noise
no suctioning
mannitol
be careful of overhydration with IVF

27
Q

posturing with increased ICP

A

increased ICP– pressure on medulla oblongota (controls pulse and RR, apart of brainstem)— extension posturing

28
Q

epidural hematoma

A

between dura and skull

29
Q

subdural hematoma

A

between dura and arachnoid
deeper

30
Q

concussion

A

caused by blunt trauma to head
CM: amnesia, confusion, HA, lack of coordination, N/V, dizziness, ringing in ear, sleepiness
complication: hematoma, increased ICP
concerning when sleepiness for more than 24hrs or disorientation for a few hours

31
Q

meningitis

A

bacterial or viral
CM: nuchal rigidity, photophobia, HA, vomiting, fever and chills, symptoms of increased ICP
dx: lumbar puncture (CSF will be cloudy, increased protein, decreased glucose, contain RBCs), Brudzinski sign, kerning sign
manage: isolation, abx, antipyretics, restrict hydration, reduce ICP

32
Q

brudzinski sign

A

lay supine, lift pt neck
+ if knees flex with neck flexion

33
Q

kerning sign

A

lay supine, lift one leg with knee flexed at 90 then slowly straighten leg out
+ if pain or cannot extend

34
Q

vaccines to prevent meningitits

A

Hib and pneumococcal

35
Q

reye syndrome

A

swelling of liver and brain,
acute form of encephalopathy
dx: liver biopsy
CM: fever, profuse vomiting, neuro impairment, disordered hepatic function
treat: steroids

36
Q

tonic clonic seizure

A

generalized
onset without warning
tonic (10-20sec)
clonic (30-50sec/up to 30 min)
postictal (30 min)

37
Q

absence seizure

A

generalized
LOC 5-10 sec
blank stare, daydreaming

38
Q

myoclonic seizure

A

generalized
contractions

39
Q

atonic seizure

A

generalized
“drop attacks”
lost muscle tone causing a fall, period of confusion follows

40
Q

febrile seizures

A

partial (local/focal)
sudden spike in temp (38.9-40C) (102-104)
10-15 sec

Pediatrics (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions